虎年话Tiger
银牛驰骋去,金虎呼啸来。2022年农历壬寅虎年陪伴着春风莅临。中国传统文化告诉我们,虎是百兽之王,虎是威严、勇猛、强劲、致胜的象征。在中文中“虎”字和英语中的“Tiger”,都有很多成语、俗语、俚语,甚至有伟人用“虎”字写出的诗词名句,流芳百世。本文做些介绍,大家共赏。
(一)
中文中,用“虎”字构成的成语、俗语很多,多数呈现正能量,积极向上,气势磅礴,鼓励人们奋进。如:“虎虎生威”(as dynamic as a tiger),“生龙活虎”(doughty like a dragon, lively like a tiger),“龙腾虎跃”(dragons rising and tigers leaping),“如虎添翼”(tiger with wings),“虎啸龙吟”(the howling of tigers and the snorting of dragons);有的虎字成语则衍生为多种含义,如:“虎视眈眈”(glare like a tiger eyeing its prey),“龙潭虎穴”(dragon’s pool and tiger’s den),“调虎离山”(lure the tiger out of the mountains),“为虎作伥”(play jackals acting as ghost for the tiger),“谈虎色变”(be morbidly afraid of tiger, paled even at the mention of it ),“养虎贻患”(rearing a tiger to one’s ultimate detriment),“虎口拔牙”(pull a teeth from the tiger’s mouth ),“虎穴追踪”(track the tiger to its lair)。
另外,有“虎”字的谚语、俗语也很丰富。如:“伴虎如伴君”( be in the King’s company is tantamount to living with a tiger),“老虎屁股摸不得”(like a tiger whose backsides no one dares to touch),“虎落平阳被犬欺”(If the tiger went down to level land, it would be bullied by dogs),“老虎也有打盹的时候”(There are times when even the tiger sleeps),“前门驱狼,后门防虎”(rebuffing the tiger at the back door while repelling the wolf at the front gate)。
(二)
在美语中有许多关于“tiger”的俚语,而且都很有意思。现仅几个例子:
1.“tiger sweat”威士忌酒。
2.“buck the tiger”玩纸牌(尤指与赌棍玩牌)。
3.“three cheers and a tiger”三声欢呼一声吼。
4.“have a tiger by the tail/He who rides a tiger is afraid to dismount”骑虎难下。
5.“a goat in tiger’s skin”羊质虎皮。
6.“sitting on a hill watching tigers fight”坐山观虎斗。
7.“a new-born calf has no fear of the tiger”初生牛犊不怕虎。
8.“How can you catch tiger cubs without entering the tiger’s lair?”不入虎穴焉得虎子。
9.“work like a tiger”生龙活虎地工作。
10.“the fox assuming the majesty of the tiger”狐假虎威。
(三)
在中华灿烂的文化里,有许多历史上著名诗人大家,写下了有“虎”字的诗词名篇,广为流传。更有我们伟大领袖毛泽东主席生前说出的有“虎”字的战略宣言,响彻寰宇,影响深远。他老人家还书就了有“虎”字的不朽诗词名句,情感迸发,气势恢宏,永放光辉。现举出几例:
1.“帝国主义和一切反动派都是纸老虎。”( Imperialism and all reactionaries are paper-tigers.)
2.“忽报人间曾伏虎,泪飞顿作倾盆雨。”(Earth suddenly reports the tiger subdued, tears of joy pour forth falling as mighty rains.)
3.“虎踞龙盘今胜昔,天翻地覆慨而慷。”(The city occupied by a crouching tiger and a curling dragon outshines its ancient glories, in heroic triumph heaven and earth have been overturned. )
4.“独有英雄驱虎豹,更无豪杰怕熊罴。”(Only heroes can quell tigers and leopards, never will the brave be cowed by wild bears.)
虎年是勤奋之年,发展之年,腾跃之年,完胜之年。衷心祝愿伟大的祖国虎虎生辉,繁荣昌盛,国泰民安,为世界做出更大贡献!
崔庆平
2022年1月31日
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