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目 录
001 儿歌·应舞狮
002 五古·吟天井
003 五古·咏指甲花
004 杂言诗·耕田乐
005 七绝·咏蛙
006 七绝·赠父诗
007 五言诗·登高泛海
008 五言诗·江畔
009 四言诗·《明耻篇》题志
010 五古·挽易昌陶
011 杂言诗·游泳启事
012 五律·朱张渡
013 七古·自信人生
014 七绝·赠刘翰林
015 杂言诗·意志之锻炼
016 五言诗·云封桥锁
017 七律·骤雨东风
018 杂言诗·河出潼关
019 四言韵语·奋斗
020 七古·送纵宇一郎东行
021 归国谣
022 七绝·过魏都
023 五言诗·苍山辞祖国
024 祭文·祭母文
025 新体诗·颂赵女士的人格
026 虞美人·枕上
027 贺新郎·别友
028 沁园春·长沙
029 菩萨蛮·黄鹤楼
030 西江月·秋收起义
031 西江月·井冈山
032 四言韵语·红四军司令部布告
033 清平乐·蒋桂战争
034 采桑子·重阳
035 如梦令·元旦
036 减字木兰花·广昌路上
037 蝶恋花·从汀州向长沙
038 渔家傲·反第一次大“围剿”
039 渔家傲·反第二次大“围剿”
040 六言诗·苏维埃政府布告
041 菩萨蛮·大柏地
042 清平乐·会昌
043 十六字令·三首
044 歌谣诗·洛甫摔跤
045 忆秦娥·娄山关
046 七律·长征
047 念奴娇·昆仑
048 清平乐·六盘山
049 六言诗·给彭德怀同志
050 四言诗·懦夫奋臂
051 沁园春·雪
052 临江仙·赠丁玲
053 祭黄帝陵
054 四言诗·题《中国妇女》之出版
055 四言诗·改江淹
056 五律·挽戴安澜将军
057 五言韵语·军队向前进
058 五律·张冠军道中
059 五律·喜闻捷报
060 七律·忆重庆谈判
061 七律·人民解放军占领南京
062 七律·和柳亚子先生
063 赞“密使1号”
064 浣溪沙·和柳亚子先生
065 浣溪沙·和柳先生
066 浪淘沙·北戴河
067 七律·和周世钊同志
068 七绝·五云山
069 水调歌头·游泳
070 蝶恋花·答李淑一
071 七绝·观潮
072 五言韵语·两个泥菩萨
073 七绝·刘蕡
074 七绝·改梅白《夜登重庆枇杷山》
075 七律二首·送瘟神
076 四言韵语·养生十六字诀
077 七绝·有感 仿陆放翁《示儿》诗
078 七律·到韶山
079 七律·登庐山
080 五律·看山
081 七绝·到钱塘
082 七言诗·赫鲁晓夫访美
083 七律·读报
084 七律·读报有感
085七律·改鲁迅诗
086 七律·读报有感
087 七绝·为女民兵题照
088 七律·答友人
089 七绝·为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照
090 七绝·屈原
091 七绝·二首纪念鲁迅八十寿辰
092 七律·和郭沫若同志
093 卜算子·咏梅
094 七律·冬云
095 满江红·和郭沫若同志
096 杂言诗·八连颂
097 七律·吊罗荣桓同志
098 贺新郎·读史
099 七绝·贾谊
100 七绝·咏贾谊
101 十六字令·八首
102 减字木兰花·经长沙忆往
103 满江红·庆祝我国第一次核试验成功
104 水调歌头·重上井冈山
105 念奴娇·井冈山
106 五律·西行
107 念奴娇·鸟儿问答
108 七律·洪都
109 卜算子·悼国际共产主义战士艾地同志
110 七律·有所思
111 杂言诗·盛名之下
112 七绝·炮打司令部
113 七律·将革命进行到底
114 如梦令·韶山冲
115 清平乐·警觉苏修
116 念奴娇·长征
117 清平乐·视察
118 念奴娇·有感观菊
119 七绝·读《红楼梦》
120 七绝· 改杜甫《咏怀古迹》
121 四言诗·赠尼克松
122 七言诗·续乔冠华诗
123忆秦娥·悼念周恩来同志
124五言韵语·大事不讨论
125 四言诗·春日游花园小吟
【附】1.读《封建论》呈郭老
【附】2.風花
 001
儿歌·应舞狮 （1902年正月）
狮子眼鼓鼓，擦菜子煮豆腐。
酒放热气烧，肉放烂些煮。
【写作背景】
这首儿歌源于中央文献出版社1992年3月版陈晋著《毛泽东与文艺传统》。毛泽东八岁时，春节于外婆家看舞狮，狮子恰巧舞到八岁的毛泽东跟前。当地有狮子到跟前时需吟诗的规矩，毛泽东即脱口而出此诗。
【英语翻译】
Lion Dancing (January 1902)
The lions have their eyes protruding and laughable,
Bean curd should be cooked with pickled vegetable.
Some hot steam should be used to get wine heated,
Delicious and fresh pork should be properly stewed.
002
五古·吟天井 （1906年秋）
天井四四方，周围是高墙。
清清见卵石，小鱼囿中央。
只喝井里水，永远养不长。
【写作背景】
据传此诗作于1906年，毛泽东时年不足13岁，是目前所见毛泽东诗词中最早的一首。据1988年1月15日《文摘周报》所载，毛泽东早在少年时代就敢于批评老师及教学中的弊端。有一次，老师毛宇居外出，临走前规定学生必须在室内背书，不准走出私塾房间。老师前脚一走，毛泽东后脚就跨出了门。他背着书包爬到屋后山上去了。他一边背书，一边摘毛栗，书背熟了，毛栗也摘了一书包。回到私塾，给每个同学送上几粒毛栗，也孝敬已回来的先生一份。毛宇居却不领情，责问道：“谁叫你四处乱跑？”毛泽东回答说：“闷在屋内头昏脑胀，死记硬背也是空的。”毛宇居听了十分恼火。毛泽东就说：“那我就背书给你听好了。”毛宇居知道背书难不倒这个学生，心生一计，来到院子中央，指着天井道：“我要你赞井!”毛泽东沿着天井转了两圈，便口占一首《五古》，间接地批评了毛宇居老师，从而也批评了这压制学生的教育方法。
【英语翻译】
Ode to Well (Wu Gu poem； Autumn, 1906)
The very deep well in the patio is square,
High walls closely surround it over there.
Pebbles can be seen clearly in the water,
The small fish are confined in the center.
When thirsty, they only drink well water,
They cannot be raised for long therefore.
003
五古·咏指甲花 (1906年夏)
百花皆竞春，指甲独静眠。
春季叶始生，炎夏花正鲜。
叶小枝又弱，种类多且妍。
万草被日出，惟婢傲火天。
渊明独爱菊，敦颐好青莲。
我独爱指甲，取其志更坚。
【写作背景】
1906年夏天，毛泽东到外婆家附近的保安寺玩耍。他看到寺院四周盛开着色彩斑斓的凤仙花。凤仙花俗称指甲花，因捣碎后可以把指甲染红而得名。从保安寺归来，毛泽东吟成了一首五言诗《咏指甲花》。
【英语翻译】
Ode to Nail Flower （Summer 1906）
Flowers contended in beauty and fascination in spring,
But the nail blooms as beauties are still silently sleeing.
Their leaves begin growing in warm spring weather,
Yet the blooms are fresh and tender in hot summer.
The leaves are small and twigs are weak and graceful,
Nevertheless, they are both diversified and beautiful.
All sorts of grasses come out under the sun constantly,
Only they stand in the hot weather very much proudly.
Tao Yuanming only loved chrysanthemums,
Yet, Zhou Dunyi just preferred to nice lotus.
I only prefer to nice nail flowers anyway,
For I value the strong will in my own way.
004
杂言诗·耕田乐 (1907年)
耕田乐，天天有事做。
近冲一墩田，近水再墩望，多年副产积满仓。
农事毕，读书甚馨香，坐待时机自主张。
【写作背景】
1907年和1908年，毛泽东时值十四到十五岁,这两年他休学在家务农,白天同家中雇的长工一同干活，晚间帮助父亲记帐。同时，他还坚持读书，通过读书，他开始认识到“国家兴亡，匹夫有责”。同时也让他产生了恢复学业的愿望。这首《耕田乐》正是记载了毛泽东这段时间的耕读生活状况与心态。全诗颇具歌谣风味,写得朴素自然,一任纯真,看似不经意,却富含一定功力,特别是结尾“坐待时机自主张”一句,已经暗示了少年毛泽东不安于一隅现状,正待跃跃欲试,相机投身到救国救民的宏伟事业之中。
【英语翻译】
The Plowing Pleasure （1907）
Plowing can make me very happy.
We’ve something to do every day.
Near the valley, we have a plot of land.
Near water front, I look from a mound.
Non-staple food of many years filled the barns.
After farm work, it is a pleasure to read books.
I just sit here waiting for the opportunity.
I can make decisions with my own ability.
005
七绝·咏蛙 (1910年秋)
独坐池塘如虎踞，绿杨树下养精神。
春来我不先开口，哪个虫儿敢作声？
【写作背景】
该诗最早是由1987年7月17日《羊城晚报》发表的一篇不足200字的短文“披露”的。此后，许多报刊出版物将该文中提到的咏蛙诗，当作毛泽东的诗作加以传播。但该文作者既不是毛泽东作诗的见证人，也未交代是从何人那里、从何处资料中得知此诗的，故一般认为是伪作。 另有唐朝李世民和明朝严嵩等多人多个版本的类似民间故事流传。例如：李世民《咏蛙》：“独坐井边如虎形，柳烟树下养心精。春来唯君先开口，却无鱼鳖敢作声。”
【英语翻译】
Ode to Frogs
Autumn 1910
I am sitting at the small pool like a crouching tiger,
I rest under willow tree to attain mental composure.
When spring comes I just do not open my mouth,
Which insect dares to break tranquility over there?
006
七绝·赠父诗 (1910年)
孩儿立志出乡关，学不成名誓不还。
埋骨何须桑梓地，人生无处不青山！
【写作背景】
1912年，毛泽东的父亲毛顺生要他去做生意，毛泽东却立志走出韶山冲到新式学校湘乡县立东山高等小学继续求学。经过自己的力争和亲友、老师们的一致劝说，父亲答应他的要求。在离家赴学前夕，毛泽东提笔写了这首《赠父诗》，悄悄地夹在父亲每天必看的账簿里。
【英语翻译】
To My Father (1910)
Your son is determined to go out of the countryside,
I will not return back before I become a celebrity.
What is the need to bury bones in home town?
In one’s life no place exists without a mountain.
007
五言诗·登高泛海 (1913年10月)
登祝融之峰，一览众山小；
泛黄勃之海，启瞬江湖失。
【写作背景】
此诗来源于韶山毛泽东图书馆，摘自1913年毛泽东读书笔记《讲堂录》。
【英语翻译】
Ascending a Height and Boating on the Sea (October 1913)
Standing on Zhurong Mountain Summit,
I found that others were smaller than it;
Boating on Huanghai Sea and Bohai Sea,
Rivers and lakes go nowhere you can see.
008
五言诗·江畔 (1914年秋)
晚霭峰间起（萧），归人江上行（萧）。
云流千里远（萧），人对一帆轻（毛）。
落日荒林暗（毛），寒钟古寺生（萧）。
深林归倦鸟（萧），高阁倚佳人（毛）。
【写作背景】
此诗见于萧瑜《我和毛泽东的一段曲折经历》﹙昆仑出版社1989年版，该书原名《毛泽东和我曾是乞丐》﹚。毛泽东和萧瑜同在湖南第一师范读书，关系很好。二人时常到湘江边散步，纵论古今，切磋诗文。
【英语翻译】
At Riverside (Autumn 1914)
The evening mist is rising up among peaks,
The man returned on the river for a travel.
The clouds flow one thousand miles away,
The man faced the light sail that was small.
The sun became darker in the wild forest,
The frigid bell rang in the ancient temple.
The tired bird returned into a deep forest,
A good man is leaning on the pavilion wall.
009
四言诗·《明耻篇》题志 (1915年)
五月七日，民国奇耻。
何以报仇？在我学子！
【写作背景】
五月七日是日本向袁世凯提出二十一条的日子。
【英语翻译】
Inscription to On Humiliation (1915)
This very day, May the seventh,
It’s a howling shame to Minguo.
But how to pay off old scores?
This is decided by our students.
010
五古·挽易昌陶 (1915年)
去去思君深，思君君不来。愁杀芳年友，悲叹有余哀。
衡阳雁声彻，湘滨春溜回。感物念所欢，踯躅城南隈。
城隈草萋萋，涔泪浸双题。采采余孤景，日落衡云西。
方期沆瀁游，零落匪所思。永诀从今始，午夜惊鸣鸡。
鸣鸡一声唱，汗漫东皋上。冉冉望君来，握手珠眶涨。
关山蹇骥足，飞飙拂灵帐。我怀郁如焚，放歌倚列嶂。
列嶂青且蒨，愿言试长剑。东海有岛夷，北山尽仇怨。
荡涤谁氏子，安得辞浮贱。子期竟早亡，牙琴从此绝。
琴绝最伤情，朱华春不荣。后来有千里，谁与共平生。
望灵荐杯酒，惨淡看铭旌。惆怅中何寄？江天水一泓。
【写作背景】
1915年5月，毛泽东的挚友易昌陶病逝。诗人为悼念挚友而作，既表达了对良友早逝的悲痛心情，又抒发了忧国伤时的情怀。此诗被诗人抄录在1915年6月25日致湘生的信中，该诗最早发表在湖南出版社1990年7月版《毛泽东早期文稿》。
【英语翻译】
Grieving over Yi Changtao
1915
I miss you at the time you left far away;
But you do not come and I feel so sorry.
I am so disappointed with great anxiety;
With a sigh I feel sorrowful profoundly.
Wild geese are now crying in Hengyang;
The spring water is flowing in Xiangjiang.
I am affected with the happy things we did;
Near the south citywall I’m loitering around.
Green grass overgrows the city wall near;
Two inscriptions were soaked with tears.
Facing the desolate landscape I am standing;
In clouds of west Hengshan the sun is setting.
We made an appointment to travel far away;
But with your death I’m now left here lonely.
We begin parting from each other at present;
I’m shocked with the roaster crowing at night.
The roaster gave out its first crying loudly,
I am walking on the eastern height sadly.
I can see you coming here slowly and sadly,
We shake hand with tears streaming down.
The mountains block the horse hooves,
The strong wind whisks the funeral net.
My sad heart is just burning with anxiety,
I am now singing towards the mountains.
The mountains are painted with green and red;
Just over there I am going to try my long sword.
There is a virulent island in the East China Sea;
Hatred and hostility covered North Mountains.
We are determined to wipe out of the invaders;
How can we stand by owing to our humbleness?
The bosom friend Ziqi passed away too early;
Boyi had his qin strings all broken completely.
The broken strings can hurt feelings the most;
Youth can never come back so long as it is lost.
In my future, there are still thousands of li;
Who can spend the rest of his life with me?
I looked at the coffin and present wine reverently;
I watched the funeral banners and flags woefully.
Water is deep and feelings are profound;
How can I express my melancholy mood?
011
杂言诗·游泳启事 (1915年夏)
铁路之旁兮，水面汪洋。
深浅合度兮，生命无妨。
凡我同志兮，携手同行。
晚餐之后兮，游泳一场。
【写作背景】
毛泽东青少年时代喜欢通过游泳锻炼身体。在湖南省立第一师范上学期间，担任学友会总务兼研究部长，喜欢组织同学游泳。这首诗就是毛泽东向同学们发出的号召游泳的启事。
【英语翻译】
Swimming (Summer 1915)
We can see over there a railway;
A large pool is not very far away.
Its depth is very much proper;
Life cannot be hurt over there.
Provided you’re my true friends;
We can go there hands in hands.
After having a delicious supper;
We can go swim happily there.
012
五律·朱张渡 (1916年冬)
共泛朱张渡，层冰涨橘汀。
鸟啼枫径寂，木落翠微冥。
攀险呼俦侣，盘空识健翎。
赫曦联韵在，千载德犹馨。
【写作背景】
此诗源自1980年第2期《湘江文艺》罗章龙文章。资料显示，1916年深冬，毛泽东邀罗章龙等共攀岳麓。清晨，出长沙南门，到朱张渡泛舟过江，在茶亭讨论朱熹、张栻二人在湖南留下的学术影响。朱张渡，经众多史学家考证，明清时期，从长沙城南经橘子洲到岳麓书院（中国古代四大书院之一）的这条水路，可以说是长沙东西交流的最古老的一条水道。长沙著名历史学家陈先枢介绍：南宋干道三年（1167年）9月，理学大师朱熹从福建崇安专程来到潭洲（今长沙）造访张栻，两人在岳麓山和张栻城南寓所进行了两个月的理学讨论。但由于两地有湘江阻隔，于是朱张二人经常同舟往返于湘江之上。这次朱张会讲，是以朱熹为代表的闽学和以张栻为代表的湖湘学的一次大交流，影响极其深远。它不仅使得岳麓书院名闻天下，成为中国四大书院之首，也开创了不同学术观点与不同学派会讲的先河，同时开创了中国古代书院自由讲学之先河，成为书院教育的一大特点。后人为了纪念当年“渡江求学”的美德和两位宋代鸿儒的思辨精神，故将当时涉江而过的渡口称为“朱张渡”。
【英语翻译】
Zhuzhangdu Ferry (Winter 1916)
We are rowing together at Zhuzhangdu ferry-place;
Orange Isle is surrounded by layers of layers of ice.
A quiet path is in the maple wood with birds singing;
Green mountains are in darkness with leaves falling.
I call my friends to go climbing the peaks with happiness;
An eagle is freely hovering in the sky fresh and cloudless.
In Hoxitai the couplet of Zhu Xi and Zhang Shi is still existing.
For thousands of years, the moral integrity has been lasting.
013
七古·自信人生 (残句 1916年冬)
自信人生二百年， 会当水击三千里。
【英语翻译】
Confident in Life (Sentence Fragments Winter 1916)
I am confident in a life of two centuries;
I dare to swim for three thousand miles.
014
七绝·赠刘翰林 (1917年夏)
翻山渡水之名郡（毛），竹杖草履谒学尊（萧）。
途见白云如晶海（萧），沾衣晨露浸饿身（毛）。
【英语翻译】
To Liu Hanlin (Summer 1917)
Crossing hills and rivers and going to the famous country(Mao);
With a bamboo cane an’ straw shoes, visiting a celebrity(Xiao).
On the way meeting the clouds that are like a crystal sea(Xiao);
The clear morning dew fully moistened my hungry body(Mao).
015
杂言诗·意志之锻炼 (1917年4月1日}
夫力拔山气盖世，猛烈而已；
不斩楼兰誓不还，不畏而已；
化家为国，敢为而已；
八年于外，三过其门而不入，耐久而已。
【英语翻译】
Will Tempering (April 1, 1917)
Move the mountains with a grand momentum;
Just vigorous.
Swear not to come back until fully slaying Lulan;
Just fearless.
For country sacrifice a small family of one's own;
Just adventurous.
Tame water in eight years in a row outside home;
Pass by own home three times but refuse to go in,
Just endurance.
016
五言诗·云封桥锁 (1917年夏)
云封狮固楼，桥锁玉潭舟。（残句）
【英语翻译】
The Bridge Lock Closed by Cloud (Sentence Fragments Summer 1917)
Shigu Builing was closed by clouds;
Yutan boat was locked by a bridge.
017
七律·骤雨东风 (1916年至1917年)
骤雨东风过远湾，滂然遥接石龙关。
(缺两句十四字……)野渡苍松横古木，断桥流水动连环。
客行此去遵何路？坐眺长亭意转闲。
【英语翻译】
A Downpour in East Wind (1916 to 1917)
East wind carried a downpour to pass through the distant bay;
The vast water met the Shilong Pass in the water way far away.
(Short of fourteen characters in two lines)
At the ferry green pines showed ancient trees’ elegant bearing;
A broken bridge and the flowing water shook a connecting ring.
Who can tell me whichever way I should follow on this journey?
Sitting an’ watching the pavilion I feel comfortable an’ leisurely.
018
杂言诗·河出潼关 (1917年至1918年)
河出潼关，因有太华抵抗，而水力益增其奔猛。
风回三峡，因有巫山为隔，而风力益增其怒号。
【英语翻译】
The River Going out of Tongguan (1917 to 1918)
The river goes out of Tongguan,
Because of the resistance of Huashan,
The water’s power goes stronger and more violent.
The wind goes back to Sanxia,
Because of separation by Wushan,
The wind’s power goes stronger and began to shout.
019
四言韵语·奋斗 (1917年至1918年)
与天奋斗，其乐无穷！
与地奋斗，其乐无穷！
与人奋斗，其乐无穷！
【英语翻译】
Striving (1917 to 1918)
It is a delight to strive with heaven!
It is a delight to strive with earth！
It is a delight to strive with human！
020
七古·送纵宇一郎东行 (1918年春)
云开衡岳积阴止，天马凤凰春树里。
年少峥嵘屈贾才，山川奇气曾钟此。
君行吾为发浩歌，鲲鹏击浪从兹始。
洞庭湘水涨连天，艟艨巨舰直东指。
无端散出一天愁，幸被东风吹万里。
丈夫何事足萦怀，要将宇宙看稊米。
沧海横流安足虑，世事纷纭从君理。
管却自家身与心，胸中日月常新美。
名世于今五百年，诸公碌碌皆余子。
平浪宫前友谊多，崇明对马衣带水。
东瀛濯剑有书还，我返自崖君去矣。
【英语翻译】 】
Seeing Luo Zhanglong off to Janpan （Spring 1918）
The clouds completely vanished from Mount Heng where rain just stopped;
Mt. Tianma and Fenghuang were wrapped by peaks and hid in spring trees.
The ambitious young men are full of talent of Qu Yuan and Jayi;
Anima of mountains an’ rivers are passionate for Xiang and Chu.
With a song, I am going to see my friend - Luo Zhanglong off;
The roc stretches its wings and pats the water just from here.
Dongting and Xiangjiang seem to merge with the sky;
A large vessel is going to start setting off to the east.
Depressing clouds blot the sky without knowing why;
But by the east wind they are completely blown away.
How can a true man be intertwined with trifles?
He should take the vast universe as a millet grain.
How can the turmoil of the world deserve to worry about?
So many complicated problems in the world need to face.
It is most important to temper one’s body and mind;
Only this can purify one's soul and make things fine.
A king will come into being in each five hundred years.
All of the present power holders are mediocre persons.
I gave a farewell dinner to my friend in front of Pinglang Palace;
Chongming an’ Duima are separated by a narrow strip of water.
I hope we can keep constant contact during your study in Japan;
I am seeing my friend off and you have already left very far away.
021
归国谣 （1918年春）
今宵月，直把天涯都照彻，清光不令青山失。
、清溪却向青滩泄，鸡声歇，马嘶人语长亭白。
【英语翻译】
Returning to Homeland （Spring 1918）
A bright moon is shining in the sky tonight;
It illuminates the whole world that is quiet;
The green mountains are not lost by clear and bright light.
To clean beach the clear stream is pouring;
The rooster has stopped his loudly crowing;
At white Changting people are bustling, horses are neighing.
022
七绝·过魏都（与罗章龙联句 1918年8月17日）
横槊赋诗意飞扬（罗）,《自明本志》好文章（毛）。
萧条异代西田墓（毛），铜雀荒沦落夕阳（罗）。
【英语翻译】
Passing by the Capital of Wei （Making couplets with Lou Zhanglong, August 17, 1918）
With a leveled spear I’m writing in high spirit with energy; (Luo)
Expressing My Will by Cao Cao is really an excellent essay. (Mao)
The Tomb of West Field is desolate in different generation; (Mao)
The Bronze Sparrow seems to be bleak like the setting sun. (Luo)
023
五言诗·苍山辞祖国 （1919年3月12日）
苍山辞祖国，弱水望邻封。（下失）
【英语翻译】
Green Mountains Bid Farewell to Motherland （March 12, 1919）
Green mounts bid farewell to our Motherland;
Weak waters look at the neighboring country.
（The next two lines were lost.）
024
祭文·祭母文 (1919年10月8日)
呜呼吾母，遽然而死。
寿五十三，生有七子。
七子余三，即东民覃。
其他不育，二女三男。
育吾兄弟，艰辛备历。
摧折作磨，因此遘疾。
中间万万，皆伤心史。
不忍卒书，待徐温吐。
今则欲言，只有两端。
一则盛德，一则恨偏。
吾母高风，首推博爱。
远近亲疏，一皆覆载。
恺恻慈祥，感动庶汇。
爱力所及，原本真诚。
不作诳言，不存欺心。
整饬成性，一丝不诡。
手泽所经，皆有条理。
头脑精密，劈理分情。
事无遗算，物无遁形。
洁净之风，传遍戚里。
不染一尘，身心表里。
五德荦荦，乃其大端。
合其人格，如在上焉。
恨偏所在，三纲之末。
有志未伸，有求不获。
精神痛苦，以此为卓。
天乎人欤？倾地一角。
次则儿辈，育之成行。
如果未熟，介在青黄。
病时揽手，酸心结肠。
但呼儿辈，各务为良。
又次所怀，好亲至爱。
或属素恩，或多劳瘁。
大小亲疏，均待报赉。
总兹所述，盛德所辉。
以秉悃忱，则效不违。
致于所恨，必补遗缺。
念兹在兹，此心不越。
养育深恩，春晖朝霭。
报之何时？精禽大海。
呜呼吾母，母终未死。
躯壳虽隳，灵则万古。
有生一日，皆报恩时。
有生一日，皆伴亲时。
今也言长，时则苦短。
惟挈大端，置其粗浅。
此时家奠，尽此一觞。
后有言陈，与日俱长。
尚飨！
【英语翻译】
A Funeral Oration to My Mother (October 1919)
I am conveying profound condolences to my mother!
All of a sudden she had passed away from us forever!
She lived for fifty-three years in this world;
She had given birth to her seven children.
Nevertheless, only three sons had survived at last;
Namely Mao Zedong, Mao Zemin and Mao Zetan.
Other kids died because of different reasons;
They included two daughters and three sons.
She had brought up my two brothers and me;
She had gone through too painful sufferings.
She suffered a lot and worked beyond measure;
She was broken down from constant overwork.
My mother had experienced innumerable events;
They have already formed a heart-broken history.
I cannot bear to write all of them out;
Please await me to write them slowly.
There are so many things I should say today;
Nevertheless I’m just going to say two points.
The first thing was her noble quality and virtue;
The second thing was her inner pain and hatred.
My mother had a sharp sense of integrity;
But her universal love was most important.
She paid no attention to relations close or distant,
All of her relatives could be taken care of equally.
She was very amiable and compassionate;
Many people were touched by her virtue.
Her true love and kindness existed everywhere;
Its nature she had always been with good faith.
She had never told even a single lie in her life;
She never ever deceived anybody at any time.
In nature, she was dignified, clean and tidy;
She was never be untruthful in her while life.
She had dealt with innumerable things;
Whatever she had done was methodical.
She had a clear mind with precision at any time;
So she could do everything fairly and reasonably.
She never misjudged anything whatever she did;
She could always be perceptive of the slightest.
She always upheld a style to be clean and tidy;
This virtue spread over relatives and neighbors.
She preserved her moral integrity in stainlessness;
She obeyed the principle - inside equaled outside.
She obeyed all the five most essential spirits;
She also had a very sharp sense of integrity.
I looked up at her noble human dignity;
It was brightly shining above my head.
There was something that she hated the most;
It was to be behind the three cardinal guides.
Although she had a wish yet it was frustrated;
She wanted something but she had never got.
She suffered psychic pains.
And this was the key point.
Human or Heaven should be blamed for this?
Pains even made a part of the earth subside.
She had a second reason for her to feel sorry;
It was that she had to bring up her children.
Her three sons were like un-matured fruit;
She was in a period of being short of help.
She held the hands of her relatives when she was sick;
Inner sour made her suffer great agonies of the mind.
She paid a great attention to teaching her kids;
She always requested them to be good people.
She’d also showed warm solicitude for others;
These people included her near and dear ones.
There were some people we felt indebted to;
But others overworked or suffered diseases.
We fairly treated all of our relatives and friends;
We always repaid or helped them with money.
A summary was made here for all these;
They had enhanced each other's beauty.
I shall inherit her honesty and trustworthiness;
I shall learn from her and never go against her.
I know that my mother had a gnawing regret;
I am determined to make a remedy in future.
I shall remember all these to the end of my life;
Throughout my whole life I shall never forget it.
I feel grateful for my mother who brought us up;
Her great kindness was just like morning sunlight.
When shall I be able to repay mother’s kindness?
I should have Jing Wei's ambitions for reclamation.
The whole life of my mother made me feel sad;
My beloved mother will never ever pass away.
Though her body had already been destroyed,
Nevertheless, her soul had been immortalized.
So long as I can still exist one day in this wold,
I shall never forget to repay my mother’s grace.
So long as I can still exist one day in the world,
I shall surely be together with my dear mother.
Today I spent too much time to say as above;
Nevertheless the time I spent was very short.
I only concentrated on main points in this funeral oration;
The central topic was to briefly state my mother’s deeds.
I hold a memorial ceremony for mother at home;
I'd like to propose a toast to my beloved mother.
I shall continuously state the deeds of my mother in future;
I am sure whatever I say will increase with each passing day.
Please enjoy sacrificial offerings!
025
新体诗·颂赵女士的人格 (1919年11月18日)
不自由，无宁死。
雪一般的刀上面，染了怪红的鲜血。
柑子园尘秽街中被血洒满，顿化成了庄严的天衢。
赵女士的人格也随之涌现出来，顿然光焰万丈。
【英文翻译】
Ode to Ms. Zhao’s Personality (November 18, 1919)
Without freedom, she would rather die.
The snow-white knife was stained with red blood.
The dirty street of Orange Garden was flooded with blood;
It suddenly became a solemn Heaven-linking way long and wide.
Ms. Zhao’s personality came to the fore;
It cast its radiance far and wide.
026
虞美人·枕上-赠杨开慧 (1921年)
堆来枕上愁何状，江海翻波浪。
夜长天色总难明，寂寞披衣起坐数寒星。
晓来百念都灰尽，剩有离人影。
一钩残月向西流，对此不抛眼泪也无由。
【英语翻译】
On the Pillow - To Yang Kaihui
(To the tune of Yu Mei Ren 1921)
What did the anxiety on the pillow look like?
It looked like waves roaring in the river and the sea.
In the long night, day break was not easy to come.
I had to sit up and put on clothes to account cold stars.
All hopes were dashed to pieces at daybreak.
Only the figure of the person parted was left.
A waning moon was floating westward.
There is no reason for me not to burst into tears.
027
贺新郎·别友-赠杨开慧 (1923年)
挥手从兹去，更那堪凄然相向，苦情重诉。
眼角眉梢都似恨，热泪欲零还住。
知误会前翻书语，过眼滔滔云共雾，算人间知己吾与汝。
人有病，天知否？
知今朝霜重东门路，照横塘半天残月，凄清如许。
汽笛一声肠已断，从此天涯孤旅。
凭割断愁思恨缕，要似昆仑崩绝壁，又恰像台风扫环宇。
重比翼，和云翥。
【英语翻译】
Leaving my Friend - To Yang Kaihui)
(To the tune of Ho Xin Lang, 1923)
I waved my hand and left my friend from now on.
I could neither bear to face sadly,
Nor bear to vent my grievances again.
Your eye corners and brow tips seemed to be hatred.
Hot tears would stream down but stopped.
I knew you misunderstood me due to my letter written before.
But this event would pass over before our eyes like cloud and fog.
In fact you and me could be considered bosom friends in the world.
Human beings were ill. Did Heaven know it?
The road at the east city gate was wrapped by a heavy fog this morning.
The waning moon in the sky was shining Hengtang pond.
The scenery before us was so bleak.
A steam whistle made my heart broken.
From now on I started travelling alone in the world.
I would wipe out all anxiety and hatred.
It was either like the cliff of Mt. Kunlun clasping,
Or like typhoon sweeping the whole world.
We would fly wing to wing again,
And dance with the clouds in the sky.
028
沁园春·长沙 (1925年)
独立寒秋，湘江北去，橘子洲头。
看万山红遍，层林尽染；漫江碧透，百舸争流。
鹰击长空，鱼翔浅底，万类霜天竞自由。
怅寥廓，问苍茫大地，谁主沉浮。
携来百侣曾游，忆往昔峥嵘岁月稠。
恰同学少年，风华正茂；书生意气，挥斥方遒。
指点江山，激扬文字，粪土当年万户侯。
曾记否，到中流击水，浪遏飞舟。
【英语翻译】
Changsha (To the tune of Qin Yuan Chun, 1925)
Standing alone on a chilly autumn day with arms folding,
I’m watching the Xiangjiang River flow northwards
From the Orange Isle bathed in sunlight glowing as gold.
Look! Mounts upon mounts brightly red
And layers upon layers of forests colorful as painted;
On the crystal green river
Many a boat busily come and go.
Eagles are soaring up to de skies;
Fishes are swimming above the shallow river bank.
All creatures are freely struggling under the autumn heavens.
Facing the broad scenery, I feel puzzled
And ask the earth:
Who decides their destiny?
Having brought my friends, I once visited here.
Recalling de past,
I think of many eventful years.
At such a time when quite young,
We students were full of vigor;
On our mettle
We were bold n flowing.
Pointing at the river and mounts,
And writing critical essays,
We counted the mighty no more than muck.
Still remember
That we once swam in midstream
With waves holding back the swift boats?
029
菩萨蛮·黄鹤楼 (1927年春)
茫茫九派流中国，沉沉一线穿南北。
烟雨莽苍苍，龟蛇锁大江。
黄鹤知何去？剩有游人处。
把酒酹滔滔，心潮逐浪高！
【英语翻译】
Yellow Crane Tower
(To the tune of Pu Sa Man, Spring 1927)
The boundless nine rivers are flowing through China;
The long railway line is going through south - north.
The drizzling rain and mist are dark green;
Guishan and Sheshan lock the great river.
Where has the yellow crane gone?
Only a traveller is left just in here.
I am sprinkling the wine on to the roaring waves of the river;
The tide in my heart goes higher and higher with the waves!
030
西江月·秋收起义 (1927年)
军叫工农革命，旗号镰刀斧头。
匡庐一带不停留，要向潇湘直进。
地主重重压迫，农民个个同仇。
秋收时节暮云愁，霹雳一声暴动。
【写作背景】
以中央特派员的身份，赶回湖南部署湘赣边界秋收起义，成立了工农革命军第一军第一师，下设三个团，于1927年9月9日举行了武装起义，点燃了秋收起义暴动的革命烈火。1927年秋收起义后几天，当时革命正处在异常艰苦的关头。此时毛泽东豪气干云，激情满怀，写下了《西江月·秋收起义》一词。
【英语翻译】
The Autumn Harvest Uprising
(To the tune of Xi Jiang Yue, 1927)
The army is named the Revolutionary Army of Workers and
Peasants; Sickle and hammer formed the sign of the banner.
It is inappropriate to stay in Jiangxi;
We must advance directly to Hunan.
The landlords brutally oppressed the poor;
Peasants share a bitter hatred of the enemy.
Dusk clouds are gathering in the autumn harvest season;
Uprising of great momentum erupted with a thunderclap.
031
西江月·井冈山 (1928年秋)
山下旌旗在望，山头鼓角相闻。
敌军围困万千重，我自岿然不动。
早已森严壁垒，更加众志成城。
黄洋界上炮声隆，报道敌军宵遁。
【写作背景】
随着井冈山革命根据地的发展，1928年5月，中国共产党成立湘赣边界工农兵政府，而周边的国民革命军则不断对其展开围剿。1928年8月下旬，因战斗需要，毛泽东率领军前往湘南迎还红军大队，仅留一营留守井冈山。8月23日开始，湖南国民党第八军吴尚部调集4个团的兵力对井冈山进行围剿，8月30日上午黄洋界战斗爆发，湘军战败撤走，红军取得胜利。黄洋界保卫战进行时，毛泽东正在向井冈山回师途中。9月上旬，在遂川大汾毛泽东获悉黄洋界保卫战取得胜利后，创作了《西江月·井冈山》。
【英语翻译】
Mt. Jinggangshan
(To the tune of Xi Jiang Yue, Autumn 1928)
Battle flags could be seen below the mountains;
Battle drums and horns could be heard at hilltop.
Enemy surrounded us thousands of circles;
But we just steadfastly stood on our ground.
Our defense was iron-clad.
The unity gave us strength.
Guns rumbled constantly on Huangyangjie;
It was reported that enemy escaped at night.
032
四言韵语·红四军司令部布告 (1928年秋)
红军宗旨，民权革命。赣西一军，声威远震。
此番计划，分兵前进。官佐兵伕，服从命令。
平买平卖，事实为证。乱烧乱杀，在所必禁。
全国各地，压迫太甚。工人农人，十分苦痛。
土豪劣绅，横行乡镇。重息重租，人人怨愤。
白军士兵，饥寒交并。小资产者，税捐极重。
洋货越多，国货受困。帝国主义，哪个不恨？
军民匪党，完全反动。口是心非，不能过硬。
蒋桂冯阎，同床异梦。冲突已起，军阀倒运。
饭可充饥，药能医病。共党主张，极为公正。
地主田地，农民收种。债不要还，租不要送。
增加工钱，老板担任。八时工作，恰好相称。
国队待遇，亟须改订。发给田地，士兵有份。
敌方官兵，准其投顺。以前行为，可以不问。
累进税法，最为适用。苛税苛捐，扫除干净。
城市商人，积铢累寸。只要服从，余皆不论。
对待外人，必须严峻。工厂银行，没收归并。
外资外债，概不承认。外兵外舰，不准入境。
打倒列强，人人高兴。打倒军阀，除恶务尽。
统一中华，举国称庆。满蒙回藏，章程自定。
国民政府，一群恶棍。合力铲除，肃清乱政。
全国工农，风发雷奋。夺取政权，为期日近。
革命成功，尽在民众。布告四方，大家起劲。
军 长 朱 德 党代表 毛泽东
【写作背景】
为了打破敌人第三次“围剿”，一九二九年一月四日至七日，毛主席在前委，特委，军委及地方党负责人召开的联席会议上作出决定，除留一部分红军留守井冈山外，红四军由毛泽东，朱德，陈毅率领，于一月十四日离开井冈山，向赣南闽西出击。为了唤起民众，宣扬红军宗旨，毛主席用通俗易懂的文字，用四言诗的形式写了这篇布告。
【英语翻译】
Notice of Headquarter of the Fourth Army of the Red Army (Autumn 1928)
The aim of the Red Army is to carry on a civil rights revolution.
The Ganxi First Red Army’s prestige is esteemed far and wide.
We plan to advance with the army branched out into columns.
Regardless of officers and men, all members must obey orders.
Buying and selling must be fair with facts providing evidence.
Both burning and killing at hazard should be strictly prohibited.
The cruel exploitation and oppression exist all over the country.
Workers and peasants are suffering a great pain and bitterness.
Local tyrants and evil gentries act outrageously and ferociously.
Burden of interest on loans and land rent made everyone angry.
All the soldiers of the White Army suffer from hunger and cold.
Petty bourgeoisie is pressed by a load of heavy taxes and levy.
The more foreign goods are, the worse Chinese goods’ plight is.
As far as imperialism is concerned, whoever does not hate it?
The Kuomintang is a bandit party who goes against the people.
It says yes but means no without any excellent military abilities.
Warlords of Jiang, Gui, Feng and Yan are all strange bedfellows.
Conflicts have come out from these warlords who are unlucky.
Meal can relieve one’s hunger while medicines can cure illness.
Opinions of the Communist Party of China are fair and rational.
Landlords’ lands are tilled by peasants who also gather in crops.
The peasants should neither repay any debts nor pay any rents.
Bosses should be responsible for increasing the workers’ wages.
An eight-hour work system is exactly appropriate to all laborers.
Treatment of national army was badly in need of improvement.
When lands were distributed, each soldier should enjoy a share.
Officers and men of the enemy should be allowed to surrender.
As for their former actions, no one needs to bother about them.
As far as progressive taxation is concerned, it is most advisable.
The exorbitant taxes and sundry levies should be fully uprooted.
Property of the city merchants has been accumulated bit by bit.
If its owners obey our regulations, they will not be in a dilemma.
Nevertheless, we should adopt a strict attitude towards outsiders.
We must confiscate and incorporate factories and banks in public.
As for the foreign capital and foreign debt, we do not admit them.
The foreign troops and ships are not allowed to enter our country.
If we can wipe out the big powers, our countrymen will be happy.
When uprooting warlords, we must be fully in exterminating evils.
Unification of China will make all our country join in the jubilation.
Mongolian, Manchu, Hui, Tibetan can draft their own regulations.
As for the national government, its members are a group of villain.
We should do our best to uproot them and uproot corrupt politics.
All workers and peasants in our country are high-spirited with vigor.
The day for us to wrest the political power comes nearer and nearer.
Success of a revolution depends on the broad masses of the people.
We make a notice for the purpose to inspire our fellow countrymen.
Army commander Zhu De
Party representative Mao Zedong
033
清平乐·蒋桂战争 (1929年秋)
风云突变，军阀重开战。
洒向人间都是怨，一枕黄梁再现。
红旗跃过汀江， 直下龙岩上杭。
收拾金瓯一片，分田分地真忙。
【写作背景】
1927年蒋介石叛变革命后，露出了他妄想独霸中国的新军阀面目。从这年到1930年，蒋介石与各路军阀混战，给人民带来无穷灾难，使中国大地陷入混乱之中。毛泽东高瞻远瞩，迅速把握军阀混战无暇他顾的有利时机，大力发展革命力量，同朱德一起率队伍东征闽西，开辟了闽西革命根据地。1929年9月红军攻占闽西上杭，这首词即写于此时。
【英语翻译】
War between Jiang and Gui
(To the tune of Qing Ping Yue, Autumn 1929)
A sudden change took place in the situation;
The warlords made a war again.
Everywhere complaints are heard;
A fond dream reappeared.
The red flags leapt over Tingjiang;
They run straightly to Longyan and Shanghang.
We recaptured a piece of national land;
We busily helped the peasants distributing farmland.
034
采桑子·重阳 (1929年10月)
人生易老天难老，岁岁重阳，今又重阳，战地黄花分外香。
一年一度秋风劲，不似春光，胜似春光，寥廓江天万里霜。
【写作背景】
1929年，毛泽东利用蒋介石和桂系军阀混战的时机，率领红四军转战江西、福建、广东三省边界，开辟了赣南、闽西革命根据地，但是此时红军内部发生了路线斗争。1929年6月份，在龙岩召开的第七次代表大会上，毛泽东被排挤和调离红四军的领导岗位，发配到地方工作。此时毛泽东正好生病，就到了永定县苏家坡去养病。10月份，红四军在上杭召开第八次代表大会，毛泽东骑着马途径闽西山区，看到满山遍野的菊花，就写了这首词。
【英语翻译】
The Double Ninth Festival
(To the tune of Cai Sang Zi, October 1929)
Life grows old very easily, but the heaven does not,
Each year has the double ninth festival,
Has come once again today this festival,
Yellow blooms on battlefield smell especially sweet.
The autumn wind blows very hard once a year,
The scene does not look like spring scenery,
But this scene is better than spring scenery,
The white fog decorates the vast sky and river.
035
如梦令·元旦 (1930年1月)
宁化、清流、归化，路隘林深苔滑。
今日向何方，直指武夷山下。
山下山下，风展红旗如画。
【写作背景】
这是毛泽东1929年底在红军挺进闽西开辟革命根据地取得了胜利后依古律如梦令填的一首词。该词主要描绘了行军的畅达和与国民党反动派斗争的火热场面。表达了红军进军途中的欢快情绪，和词人看到如火如荼的革命形势，而产生坚定的革命信念和豪迈胸襟。
【英语翻译】
New Year's Day
(To the tune of Ru Meng Ling, January 1930)
Ninghua, Qingliu and Guihua,
Deep in the forest, the footpath is narrow with slippery moss.
Where to go today?
We point directly to the downhill of Wuyishan.
Downhill, downhill,
It looks like a picture with a breeze fluttering the red flags.
036
减字木兰花·广昌路上 (1930年2月)
漫天皆白，
雪里行军情更迫。
头上高山，
风卷红旗过大关。
此行何去？
赣江风雪迷漫处。
命令昨颁，
十万工农下吉安。
【写作背景】
一九三零年二月七日，红军和地方党委召开连席会议（二七会议），决定争取革命首先在江西省胜利，夺取全省政权。军事上是首先攻打吉安，占领后即宣布成立省苏维埃政府。当时红军还未攻占过这么大的县市。二月中，毛泽东率军从广昌向吉安进发。由于蒋介石命令军队向吉安靠拢，红军在中途退回赣南。
【英语翻译】
On the Way to Guangchang
(To the tune of Jian Zi Mu Lan Hua, February 1930)
It is white all over the sky;
We are marching in the snow in emergency.
Above our heads a high mountains is towering;
We went through the grand pass in the wind with red flags fluttering.
This time where to go?
We are going to Ganjiang River swept by snow.
An order was issued yesterday urgently;
An army of 100,000 workers and peasants go to Ji An heroically.
037
蝶恋花·从汀州向长沙 (1930年7月)
六月天兵征腐恶，万丈长缨要把鲲鹏缚。
赣水那边红一角，偏师借重黄公略。
百万工农齐踊跃，席卷江西直捣湘和鄂。
国际悲歌歌一曲，狂飙为我从天落。
【写作背景】
1930年三月，周恩来去莫斯科参加苏共十六大会议，李立三暂时掌管上海的中央。6月，他指派中央特派员涂震农到闽西招开汀州会议，命令红军趁蒋介石与冯玉祥、阎锡山混战之机进攻南昌和长沙。会上成立了以毛泽东为主席的革命军事委员会，负责此项行动。毛泽东率红一军团赶到南昌而不进攻。彭德怀率红三军团于1930年7月28日攻进长沙，十一天后，又在湖南军阀何键十五个团的优势兵力面前被迫退出。毛泽东赴长沙与彭德怀会合，于9月10日再次进攻长沙。攻城战中红军损失惨重，9月13日毛泽东下令撤围退军。退军时写下了这首《蝶恋花·从汀州向长沙》。
【英语翻译】
March from Tingzhou to Changsha
(To the tune of Die Lian Hua, July 1930)
In June an invincible army defeated a rotten army, aiming
At binding roc and whale with a thousand-foot-long rope.
A red base area was established near Ganshui;
Flank force thanked to Huang Gonglue’ ability.
A million workers and peasants itched to jump up and
Valiantly sweep Jiangxi and capture Hunan and Hubei.
The Internationale resounded through the universe;
A violent whirlwind madly roared down from the sky.
038
渔家傲·反第一次大“围剿” (1931年春)
万木霜天红烂漫，天兵怒气冲霄汉。
雾满龙冈千嶂暗，齐声唤，前头捉了张辉瓒。
二十万军重入赣，风烟滚滚来天半。
唤起工农千百万，同心干，不周山下红旗乱。
【写作背景】
一九三零年十二月七日，蒋至南昌部署第一次大“围剿”，以十万兵力，进攻赣南、闽西的红军根据地。十二月三十日，红军在龙冈伏击张辉瓒并全歼其十八师。第一次大“围剿”就此结束，闻听前方捷报，毛主席喜形于色，遂在马背上吟成。
【英语翻译】
Anti the First Big "Encirclement and Suppression"
(To the tune of Yu Jia Ao, Spring 1931)
In the foggy day innumerable trees were incarnadined;
Spirit of Heaven’s army is soaring up to the firmament.
Fog wrapped Longgang and the mountains were dark;
People cried in one voice;
The army in front had already captured Zhang Huizan.
Two hundred troops entered Gan again;
Fume was billowing down from the sky.
Thousands of workers and peasants were awakened;
They made concerted efforts;
Uncountable red flags were fluttering at Mt. Buzhou.
039
渔家傲·反第二次大“围剿” (1931年春)
白云山头云欲立，白云山下呼声急，枯木朽株齐努力。
枪林逼，飞将军自重霄入。
七百里驱十五日，赣水苍茫闽山碧，横扫千军如卷席。
有人泣，为营步步嗟何及！
【写作背景】
蒋介石认为第一次大“围剿”败在“长驱直入”，因此1931年夏发动第二次大“围剿”。这次，他改为“稳扎稳打，步步为营，紧缩包围”。5月16日，红军在吉安县东固伏击蒋军公秉藩部二十八师。接着在15天内，从西向东横扫七百里，五战五胜，打破了第二次大“围剿”。 于是，毛泽东便写下了这首词，热情洋溢地歌颂了根据地军民同仇敌忾的革命精神和人民战争的无敌威力。
【英语翻译】
Anti the Second Big "Encirclement and Suppression"
(To the tune of Yu Jia Ao, Spring 1931)
Clouds were going to stand at the top of the cloud-capped mountains;
At the foot of the cloud-capped mountains people called out urgently;
Both withered trees and rotten stumps were making concerted efforts.
A hail of bullets was urgent;
The Flying General descended from the skies.
The troops drove straight seven hundred miles in fifteen days;
Water of Jiangxi was vast and mountains of Fujian were green;
We swept away one thousand troops just like we rolled a mat.
Some people were weeping;
We consolidated us step by step and what was the use to sigh!
040
六言诗·苏维埃政府布告 (节录, 1931年12月19日)
军阀豪绅地主，到处压迫穷人。
利用国民政府，要捐要税不停。
地主白占土地，厂主垄断资本。
大家要免痛苦，只有参加革命。
穷人一致奋起，组织工农红军。
豪绅地主土地，一律分给农民。
免除苛捐杂税，都是有吃有剩。
工人每日工作，只做八个时辰。
商人服从法令，生意由你经营。
各地工农群众，赶快参加革命。
建立工农政府，快把地主田分。
工人组织工会，快同厂主斗争。
大家一致努力，完成中国革命。
【写作背景】
1931年11月7日至20日，中华苏维埃共和国第一次全国代表大会在江西瑞金叶坪召开。各苏区和白区的代表共610人出席了大会。大会宣告中华苏维埃共和国临时中央政府正式成立，建都瑞金。12月1日，中华苏维埃共和国临时中央政府发布第一号布告，公布了毛泽东等63人为中央执行委员会委员的名单和中央执行委员会第一次会议的内容，阐述了临时中央政府的性质和中央执行委员会的任务。
【英语翻译】
Notice of Soviet Government （extract, December 19, 1931(
The warlords, landlords, local tyrants and evil gentries
Expressed the poor people everywhere cruelly.
They utilized the national government and collected
Exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous levies constantly.
The landlords freely occupied the farm lands
And the mill-owners monopolized the capital.
Farm lands were freely occupied by landlords
And capital was monopolized by mill-owners.
If we want to release ourselves from suffering,
We can do nothing but join the revolution.
The poor people must rise up in resistance and
Organize the Workers and Peasants Red Army.
Lands of landlords, local tyrants and evil gentries
Should be distributed to the peasants steadfastly.
Exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous levies should be exempted
And everyone should have something to eat even with surplus.
Workers should enjoy working
System of eight-hour per day.
Merchants must obey laws and regulations
And they can run business by themselves.
The broad masses of workers and peasants all over the
Country should join the revolution as soon as possible.
Government of workers and peasants should be established
And the lands of the landlords should be distributed quickly.
Workers should organize trade unions and
Fight against the mill-owners valorously.
We should make concerted efforts
To complete the Chinese revolution.
041
菩萨蛮·大柏地 (1933年夏)
赤橙黄绿青蓝紫，谁持彩练当空舞？
雨后复斜阳，关山阵阵苍。
当年鏖战急，弹洞前村壁。
装点此关山，今朝更好看。
【写作背景】
1929年初，湘赣两省军阀何键、鲁涤平联手第三次”会剿“井冈山。1月14日，毛泽东率红军主力下山，意图将敌军引离井冈山。离山后红军在赣南数战不利，直至2月11日，得以在大柏地歼赣军刘士毅两个团，才打破危局。这是赣南、闽西的红军根据地创建之始。这首词是毛泽东重经大柏地时所作。
【英语翻译】
Dabaidi (To the tune of Pu Sa Man, Summer 1933)
Red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple,
Who is dancing in the sky with a colorful ribbon?
The setting sun reappeared after rainfall,
Mountains turned to green every now and then.
In the front village bullet holes still remain on the wall,
There were fierce battles that are hard to be forgotten.
Today those passes and mountains look so beautiful,
Because these bullet holes serve as a fine decoration.
042
清平乐·会昌 (1934年夏)
东方欲晓，莫道君行早。
踏遍青山人未老，风景这边独好。
会昌城外高峰，颠连直接东溟。
战士指看南粤，更加郁郁葱葱。
【写作背景】
1934年夏，形势非常危急，准备长征。红军在国民党的第五次围剿中处处失利，同时党内冒险左倾主义占领指挥权，毛泽东被实际上架空了权力，毛的正确意见得不到采纳。面对敌人的步步进逼，面对自己的才能得不到发挥，面对辛辛苦苦建立起来的根据地在一天天缩小，诗人虽然难免心情有些郁闷，但最终却仍然保持良好的心态：风景这边独好！
【英语翻译】
Huichang
(To the tune of Qing Ping Yue, Summer 1934)
Dawn will break soon in the east;
Do not say you set off early.
We’ll never ever get old though walking all over the mountains.
The scenery here is nice uniquely
The high peaks tower outside Huichang City;
Stretching and undulating they are linked with the East China Sea.
The soldiers are pointing to and looking at Guangdong;
The landscape there grows greener and fresher.
043
十六字令·三首 (1934年至1935年)
山，
快马加鞭未下鞍。
惊回首，
离天三尺三。
山，
倒海翻江卷巨澜。
奔腾急，
万马战犹酣。
山，
刺破青天锷未残。
天欲堕，
赖以拄其间。
【写作背景】
这三首小令作于1934年到1935年间。1934年10月，中央红军主力各军团开始远离中央根据地井冈山的二万五千里长征。沿途，红军不仅大多数时候都在高山峻岭中行军，而且也常在万山丛中冲破蒋介石的围追堵截，既历尽艰辛，又充满胜利的喜悦。毛泽东这三首小令，就是怀着喜悦的心情，在翻山越岭的长征行军途中写下的。
【英语翻译】
Three Short Lyrics
(To the tune of Shi Liu Zi Ling, 1934 to 1935)
Mountains,
Not a single man got off the saddle at a speed very high.
Turning back amazedly,
They saw a gap of three feet and three inches to the sky.
Mountains,
The sea turns over and the rivers roar with big waves.
Galloping urgently,
The battles are still going on with thousands of horses.
Mountains,
Though chopping the sky broken, the sword keeps sharp.
The sky is going to fall down,
But this sword is reliable to offer great support and help.
044
歌谣诗·洛甫摔跤 (1935年)
洛甫洛甫真英豪，不会行军会摔跤。
四脚朝天摔得巧，沒伤胳膊沒伤脑。
【写作背景】
1935年在长征途中，毛泽东对张闻天一次摔跤的調侃。
【英语翻译】
Luo Fu Tumbling (Ballad, 1935)
Luo Fu, Luo Fu, was an outstanding figure indeed;
He could not march well but good at tumbling.
He just fell backwards with hands and legs in the air;
He skillfully avoid getting his arms and head injured.
045
忆秦娥·娄山关 (1935年2月)
西风烈，长空雁叫霜晨月。
霜晨月，马蹄声碎，喇叭声咽。
雄关漫道真如铁，而今迈步从头越。
从头越，苍山如海，残阳如血。
【写作背景】
1935年1月的遵义会议，确立了毛泽东的领导地位，会后由毛泽东、周恩来、王稼祥组成了军事指挥小组。为了继续长征，红军经娄山关北上，准备于泸州与宜昌之间渡过长江；但遇到阻碍，毛泽东果断地决定二渡赤水，折回遵义，于是再次跨越娄山关。2月25日凌晨，红军向娄山关挺进，在红花园与黔军遭遇，黔军仓皇应战，败退关口，红军沿盘山道猛烈攻击，傍晚时分终于把这座雄关控制在手中，使大部队顺利通过，迈向胜利的前程。由于这一仗意义重大，所以诗人心情无比激动，在战斗结束不久即挥笔写下此词。
【英语翻译】
Loushanguan
(To the tune of Yi Qin E, February 1935)
The west wind is violently blowing;
A wild goose is calling in the sky with the moon shining in the frosty morning.
With the moon shining in the frosty morning,
The sound of hooves flying is like someone is breaking something;
The sound of trumpet blowing is like somebody is sadly weeping.
Do not say that the grand pass is iron-like strong;
We should do everything from the very beginning.
From the very beginning,
Layers upon layers of mountains are just like a sea;
As blood in the west the residuary sun is drooping.
046
七律·长征 (1935年10月)
红军不怕远征难，万水千山只等闲。
五岭逶迤腾细浪，乌蒙磅礴走泥丸。
金沙水拍云崖暖，大渡桥横铁索寒。
更喜岷山千里雪，三军过后尽开颜。
【写作背景】
1934年10月间，中央红军主力从中央革命根据地出发作战略大转移，经过福建、江西、广东、湖南、广西、贵州、四川、云南、西康、甘肃、陕西等十一省，击溃了敌人多次的围追和堵截，战胜了军事上、政治上和自然界的无数艰险，行军二万五千里，终于在1935年10月到达陕北革命根据地。这首诗和《念奴娇·昆仑》《清平乐·六盘山》都是在长征取得胜利时所作。
【英语翻译】
The Long March (October 1935)
The Red Army isn’t afraid of the hardship of the expedition at all;
A thousand rivers and mountains are nothing but a piece of cake.
The five precipitous mountains rise and fall just like small waves;
Crossing Mt. Wumeng is like that we are walking over a mud ball.
The water of the Jinsha River patted and warmed the cloudy cliff;
The cold iron-chain-made bridge is stretching over the Dadu River.
Snow covering the thousand mile long Mt. Min made us pleasant;
Crossing these mountains red army men put on victorious smiles.
047
念奴娇·昆仑 (1935年10月)
横空出世，莽昆仑，阅尽人间春色。
飞起玉龙三百万，搅得周天寒彻。
夏日消溶，江河横溢，人或为鱼鳖。
千秋功罪，谁人曾与评说？
而今我谓昆仑：不要这高，不要这多雪。
安得倚天抽宝剑，把汝裁为三截？
一截遗欧，一截赠美，一截还东国。
太平世界，环球同此凉热。
【写作背景】
这首词毛泽东作于1935年。当时中央红军走完了长征最后一段行程，即将到达陕北。毛泽东登上岷山峰顶，远望青海一带苍茫的昆仑山脉有感而作。
【英语翻译】
Kunlun
(To the tune of Nian Nu Jiao, October 1935)
Soaring across the sky,
Boundless and indistinct Mt. Kunlun,
It has seen all the beauty of spring in the world.
Three million dragons are flying and stirring;
They made the whole world extremely cold.
Snow is melt in summer;
Rivers are overflowing;
People probably change into fish and turtles.
Merit and guilt for thousands of years,
Who once commented them?
But now I want to say to Kunlun:
Do not be so high,
Do not want so much snow.
How can I stand against the sky and draw out my sword,
And cut you into three sections?
One section is given to Europe;
One section is given to US;
One section is given back to the eastern country.
In a peaceful world,
Cold and heat are equally enjoyed all over the globe.
048
清平乐·六盘山 (1935年10月)
天高云淡，望断南飞雁。
不到长城非好汉，屈指行程二万。
六盘山上高峰，红旗漫卷西风。
今日长缨在手，何时缚住苍龙？
【写作背景】
1935年8月，毛泽东主席粉碎了张国焘分裂分裂红军的路线后，率红一方面军继续向陕北根据地挺进。9月中旬，红军攻克天险腊子口，奇迹般越过岷山草地，进入甘肃南部。10月7日，红军在宁夏六盘山的青石嘴，又击败了前来堵截的敌骑兵团，扫清了阻碍，摆脱了追敌，当天下午，一鼓作气，翻越了六盘山。此词即是作者翻越六盘山时的咏怀之作。此词最早发表于《诗刊》1957年1月号。
【英语翻译】
Mt. Liupan
(To the tune of Qing Ping Yue, October 1935)
The light clouds are floating in the high sky slowly;
I look up at wild geese flying southbound blithely.
One is not a true man until reaching the Great Wall;
I figure we’d walked twenty thousand miles already.
The high peak towers over Mt. Liupan proudly;
Red flag is flying in a wind blowing eastbound.
The long ropes are held in our hands today;
At what time can we get the dragon bound?
049
六言诗·给彭德怀同志 (1935年10月)
山高路远坑深，大军纵横驰奔。
谁敢横刀立马？惟我彭大将军！
【写作背景】
此诗写于1935年10月21日，吴起镇西山督战，战斗结束，赋此诗赠予彭德怀。彭德怀接诗后，将最后一句改为“唯我英勇红军”并退还给毛泽东。这首诗最早发表在1947年8月1日《战友报》。
【英语翻译】
To Comrade Peng Dehuai (October 1935)
The high mountains have deep ravines in the distant journey;
Our red army moves freely and quickly to defeat the enemy.
Who can stop enemy from attacking red army’s white horse?
Our great general Peng Dehuai can accomplish this feat only.
050
四言诗·懦夫奋臂 (1935年10月)
嘤其鸣矣，求其友声。
暴虎入门，懦夫奋臂。
【英语翻译】
A Coward raises His Arms (October 1935)
The bird flew from the deep valley onto the tree;
By chirping it was going to look for a companion.
A fierce tiger suddenly ran into someone’s home,
Even a coward did his utmost to fight this animal.
051
沁园春·雪 (1936年2月)
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟馀莽莽；大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红妆素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
【写作背景】
1945年8月28日，毛泽东从延安飞重庆，同国民党进行了43天的谈判。其间柳亚子屡有诗赠毛，10月7日，毛书此词回赠。随即发表在重庆《新华日报》上，轰动一时。
【英语翻译】
Snow
(To the tune of Qin Yuan Chun, February 1936)
The landscape in north China is extremely majestic;
The crystal ice is closely covering hundreds of miles,
White snowflakes are floating in thousands of miles.
Looking at the Great Wall inside and outside,
I can see the scenery glorious and boundless;
The vast lands along the great and long rivers,
They suddenly lost a tremendous momentum.
Mountains are like countless dancing silver snakes;
The Qin Jin Plateau is like a giant running elephant,
They want to compare with Heaven to see who is higher.
It should be in a sunny day,
To appreciate the lands red dressed in white;
They are particularly fascinating.
Rivers and mountains are so rich in beauty；
They made innumerable heroes sacrifice their lives.
It was a pity that Qinshihuang and Hanwudi,
They lost a bit of rich and bright colors;
Tangtaizong and Songgaozu,
They only had a little bit of literary excellence.
Son of Heaven,
Cheng Ji Si Han,
He only knew how to shoot large rocs.
All passed over;
As for the truly great men of the time,
We should seek them in the current era.
052
临江仙·赠丁玲 (1936年12月)
壁上红旗飘落照，西风漫卷孤城。
保安人物一时新。
洞中开宴会，招待出牢人。
纤笔一支谁与似，三千毛瑟精兵。
阵图开向陇山东。
昨天文小姐，今日武将军。
【写作背景】
这首词是毛泽东写给丁玲的。丁玲，原名蒋伟，字冰之，1904年生于湖南常德，1927年起开始发表作品，是三十年代著名左翼作家，1932年3月在上海加入中共。1936年11月22日，在保安，中国共产党在革命根据地成立了第一个文艺协会组织即中国文艺协会。丁玲被推选为中国文协主任。毛泽东决定丁玲跟着工农红军前方总政治部出发上前线。毛泽东为作了这首词。不久，毛泽东在给陇东前线聂荣臻将军的电报中，附上了这首词，因丁玲一直在前线，未能读到。次年春，丁玲陪同史沫特莱从前线回延安，会见了毛泽东，毛泽东抄录了这首词送给她。
【英语翻译】
To Ding Ling
(To the tune of Lin Jiang Xian, December 1936)
The west wind was blowing the lonely city;
On city wall in the setting sun the red flag was flying.
A new comer appeared in Baoan city.
A feast was given in the cave dwelling;
The one released from prison was entertained fervidly.
Whose pen can compare with hers?
It is equal to three thousand fine soldiers with Mausers.
She joined the army advancing to the east of Mt. Long.
She was an authoress yesterday;
But she is a female general today.
053
祭黄帝陵 （1936年12月）
赫赫始祖，吾华肇造。
胄衍祀绵，岳峨河浩。
聪明睿知，光被遐荒。
建此伟业，雄立东方。
世变沧桑，中更蹉跌。
越数千年，强邻蔑德。
琉台不守，三韩为墟。
辽海燕冀，汉奸何多！
以地事敌，敌欲岂足？
人执笞绳，我为奴辱。
懿维我祖，命世之英。
涿鹿奋战，区宇以宁。
岂其苗裔，不武如斯：
泱泱大国，让其沦胥？
东等不才，剑屦俱奋。
万里崎岖，为国效命。
频年苦斗，备历险夷。
匈奴未灭，何以家为？
各党各界，团结坚固。
不论军民，不分贫富。
民族阵线，救国良方。
四万万众，坚决抵抗。
民主共和，改革内政。
亿兆一心，战则必胜。
还我河山，卫我国权。
此物此志，永矢勿谖。
经武整军，昭告列祖。
实鉴临之，皇天后土。
尚飨！
【写作背景】
中华民国二十六年四月五日，苏维埃政府主席毛泽东、人民抗日红军总司令朱德敬派代表林祖涵，以鲜花时果之仪致祭于我中华民族始祖轩辕黄帝之陵。毛泽东写下了这首祭文诗。
【英语翻译】
Worshiping Mausoleum of Yellow Emperor
(December 1936)
As our earliest ancestor who made great achievements,
You founded Huaxia Nationality fist.
Your offspring live long and prosper,
Mounts are lofty and Yellow Rive runs in formidable array.
The light of your widsom is frilliant,
It shines the vast lands of our motherland.
You made great contribution,
You let the Chinese nation proudly stand in the east.
Time has brought great changes to the world,
Tribulation and frustration have been experienced.
Thousands of years have thus passed over,
The tough neighboring country ignored the moral.
Ryukyu and Taiwan were occupied, South Korea was cut off.
In the lands of Northeast and North China,
Whey do traitors spring up one after another?
Do not piously worship the enemy with lands,
Hos can the enemy’s desire be sastified?
The enemy holds whips and ropes,
We were reduced into slaves insulted by them.
Ah, our glorious ancestors!
You were once the world-renowned hero.
The yellow emperor fought his Chi You in Zhulu,
The world became at peace and tranquility.
We are the descendants of the yellow emperor,
How can we fail to carry on his valiant spirit?
Our China is a great nation,
Could it be said that we just let her perish?
Mao Zedong et al are the worthless persons,
But we are armed with weapons and ready to rise.
We have travelled thousands of miles with frustrations,
Aiming at serving our motherland faithfully.
Working very hard every year,
We have gone throught hardships and dangers.
If we fail to wipe out the Japanese invaders,
Whose small family can be useful?
Parties from all walks of life made up their minds,
They are determined to unite wholeheartedly,
No matter you are soldiers or civilians,
Poor or rich.
Chinese united front against Japanese aggression
Is really a good medicine to save our motherland.
As a population of four hundred million of our country,
We will unite in a concerted effort to resist.
China carries out democratic republicanism,
And makes internal reforms.
Hundreds of millions of people have one heart.
So long as to fight, we must win.
We will recapture the occupied mountains and rivers,
And uphold sovereignty of our country.
This is our lofty ideal,
We swear never ever to forget it.
We will rectify our military forces,
And tell it to our ancestors.
You may observe our actions,
Our great ancestors’ heaven and earth can testify.
Please enjoy our offerings!
054
四言诗·题《中国妇女》之出版 (1937年3月)
妇女解放，突起异军。 两万万众，奋发为雄。
男女并驾，如日方东。 以此制敌，何敌不倾？
到之之法，艰苦斗争。 世无难事，有志竟成。
有妇人焉，如旱望云。 此编之作，伫看风行。
【写作背景】
这首四言诗是毛泽东1939年专为在延安出版的《中国妇女》杂志而作的。当时，抗日战争已进行了两年，处于相持阶段。此时，《中国妇女》杂志在延安创刊发行。当时，中国民众号称有四亿之多，其中约有半数为女性。毛主席高瞻远瞩看到“二万万众”（即二亿）的中国妇女这股潜在的巨大力量。为此，毛主席借《中国妇女》杂志出版之际，题写一诗，以高亢的热情讴歌并鼓舞全中国妇女奋发努力，积极投身于中国妇女的自我解放运动及抗日救国运动中，救我中华。
【英语翻译】
An Inscription to Women of Chinam (March 1937)
Women were emancipated;
A new force suddenly rises.
Constituting two hundred million people,
They are real heroes striving to be strong.
Men and women keep pace with each other;
They’re just like the sun that rises in the east.
If they bravely fight against the enemy in way,
They can defeat any kind of enemy definitely.
There is one way to achieve one's aim.
That is to keep on fighting a hard fight.
There is never any hard nut to crack;
Where there is a will, there is a way.
There are so many women in the world;
It is like they watch clouds in a drought.
The journal has been published;
We hope it will be fashionable.
055
四言诗·改江淹《别赋》 (1939年6月1日)
春草碧色，春水绿波。
送君延安，快如之何！
【写作背景】
1939年7月9日，毛泽东在延安陕北公学向开赴抗日前线的同学们作了一次讲演。在讲演中，他送给同学们三个法宝：第一个法宝是统一战线，第二个法宝是游击战争，第三个法宝是革命中心的团结。他又说：“南朝梁代的文学家江淹，做了很多的文章，他的《别赋》里面有很好的话，但都是伤感流泪的话。最为人们所熟记的有‘春草碧色，春水绿波，送君南浦，伤如之何’。多么伤心流泪，文笔很好。我们今天不要这么写，改一下，作为：‘春草碧色，春水绿波，送君延安，快如之何’！”
【英语翻译】
Revising On Parting by Jiang Yan (June 1, 1939)
Spring grasses are in green color;
Green waves are in spring water.
I am willing to send you to Yanan;
Whoooooooops. How time flies!
056
五律·挽戴安澜将军 （1943年3月）
外侮需人御，将军赴采薇。
师堪机械化，勇夺虎罴归。
浴血东瓜守，逐倭棠古回。
沙场竟殒命，壮志也无违。
【写作背景】
这首诗写于1943年，悼念之人戴安澜是国民党第五军第二零零师师长，赴缅甸作战中壮烈牺牲。毛泽东通过这首诗歌颂这位抗日英雄，表达了号召国共合作，团结抗日的愿望。此诗最早发表在1983年12月28日《人民政协报》。
【英语翻译】
Lamenting General Dai Anlan’s Death (March 1943)
The insult of the foreign invaders should be fought against;
The general picked wild herbs for food on his way to fight.
The troops could be thought to have been mechanized;
They heroically defeated the evil enemies and returned.
They fought a bloody battle to defend Donggua;
In Tanggu they drove the foreign invaders back.
In the battle fields his precious life was sacrificed;
His great aspiration had never ever been violated.
057
五言韵语·军队向前进 （1945年10月）
军队向前进，生产长一寸。
加强纪律性，革命无不胜。
【英语翻译】
The Army Marched Forward (October 1945)
Our troops marched forward;
The production grew an inch.
Heighten a sense of discipline;
Revolution can never ever fail.
058
五律·张冠道中 (1947年4月)
朝雾弥琼宇，征马嘶北风。
露温尖难染，霜笼鸦不惊。
戍衣犹铁甲，须眉等银冰。
踟蹰张冠道，恍若塞上行。
【写作背景】
1947年3月中旬，胡宗南指挥国民党军十四万余人，向中共中央所在地延安发动进攻。3月18日晚，毛泽东率领中共中央机关撤离延安。随后，他在陕北延川、清涧、子长、子洲、靖边等县转战。张冠道，是他当时转战中经过的一条道路。这首诗就是毛泽东转战在这条路上的时候写的。
【英语翻译】
On Zhangguan Road (April 1947)
The valley was bathed in the morning fog;
War-horses neighed in roaring north wind.
In the heavy fog no dust was on wet road;
In the forest no jackdaw was crying at all.
Uniforms were frozen like hard armours,
Fog was frozen into white ice at brow tip.
We walked slowly on Zhangguandao way,
Like we walked in north of the Great Wall.
059
五律·喜闻捷报 (1947年9月)
-- 中秋步运河上，闻西北野战军收复蟠龙作。
秋风度河上，大野入苍穹。
佳令随人至，明月傍云生。
故里鸿音绝，妻儿信未通。
满宇频翘望，凯歌奏边城。
【写作背景】
全诗描写了中国人民解放军节节胜利后的一个夜晚，毛泽东望月有感而发的对战争胜利的感慨与对儿女的思念。
【英语翻译】
Welcoming News of Victory (September 1947)
-- Walking along the Grand Canal in mid-autumn and learning that Panlong was recaptured by Northwest Field Army
The autumn wind is blowing on the river;
The boundless field is fused with the sky.
Happy festival has come with the army;
The bright moon is rising up with cloud.
No information comes from hometown;
No letter comes from the whole family.
I look up at the sky every now and then;
It is just the time to sing in border town.
060
七律·忆重庆谈判 (1947年秋)
有田有地皆吾主，无法无天是尔民。
重庆有官皆墨吏，延安无土不黄金。
炸桥挖路为团结，夺地争城是斗争。
遍地哀鸿遍地血，无非一念救苍生。
【写作背景】
1945年8月15日，日本宣布投降，八年的抗日战争胜利结束，蒋介石在加紧准备内战的同时，大肆玩弄“和平”阴谋。他连发三次电报，邀请毛泽东到重庆“和平谈判”。为了戳穿蒋介石假和平真内战的阴谋，8月28日，毛泽东、周恩来、王若飞等从延安到重庆和国民党谈判，对“和平建国”、“避免内战”等问题进行了讨论。在谈判期间，毛泽东、周恩来、王若飞等会见了宋庆龄、冯玉祥、柳亚子等民主人士和妇女界、民族工商业界的著名人士以及外国友好人士，取得了他们对我党的了解和支持。柳亚子先生向毛泽东要诗词，毛泽东抄写了以前作的《沁园春·雪》给他，之后又吟成这首《七律·有田有地吾为主》，被大家传抄开来。
【英语翻译】
Recalling Chongqing Negotiations (Autumn 1947)
Whoever has farmland is my master;
All outlaw-like men are your citizens.
Officials in Chongqing are malfeasants;
Each inch of lands in Yan’an is all gold.
Bridge bombing and road digging are for unity;
But land capturing and city seizing are struggle.
Wilderness is filled with suffers and their blood;
They have been done for saving common people.
61
七律·人民解放军占领南京 (1949年4月)
钟山风雨起苍黄，百万雄师过大江。
虎踞龙盘今胜昔，天翻地覆慨而慷。
宜将胜勇追穷寇，不可沽名学霸王。
天若有情天亦老，人间正道是沧桑。
【写作背景】
1949年4月20日，国民党拒绝在和平协定上签字。当夜，解放军在东起江苏江阴，西迄江西湖口的千里长江上，分三路强行渡江。4月21日，毛泽东主席和朱德总司令发出《向全国进军的命令》，号令全军坚决、彻底、干净、全部地歼灭中国境内一切敢于抵抗的国民党反动派，解放全中国。23日晚，东路陈毅的第三野战军占领国民党反动政府的“首都”南京。毛泽东为此写下这首七律，最早发表于人民文学出版社1963年12月版《毛主席诗词》。
【英语翻译】
PLA Occupied Nanjing (1949年4月)
Wind and rain fiercely swept cross Mt. Zhong,
A million bold warriors crossed the great river.
At a strategic place we are better than before,
Great changes turned the world upside down.
We should pursue and attack defeated enemy,
But nerver ever follow Xiang Yu’s bad example.
Even Heaven is easy to get old with sentiment,
As an irresistible law all things are changeable.
062
七律·和柳亚子先生 (1949年4月29日)
饮茶粤海未能忘，索句渝州叶正黄。
三十一年还旧国，落花时节读华章。
牢骚太盛防肠断，风物长宜放眼量。
莫道昆明池水浅，观鱼胜过富春江。
柳亚子原诗：
《感事呈毛主席一首》
开天辟地君真健，说项依刘我大难。
夺席谈经非五鹿，无车弹铗怨冯驩。
头颅早悔平生贱，肝胆宁忘一寸丹！
安得南征驰捷报，分湖便是子陵滩。
【写作背景】
1949年3月28日夜晚，国民党左派人士柳亚子做了一首《感事呈毛主席一首》，称感于国民党的混乱现状，要回家乡分湖隐居。同年4月，毛泽东同志写《七律·和柳亚子先生》一词回赠，用严子陵隐居垂钓富春江畔这件事，劝柳亚子先生留在北京继续参加建国工作。
【英文翻译】
Replying Liu Yazi’s Poem (April 29, 1949)
I can never forget drinking tea with you in Guangzhou,
I asked for your poem in Chongqing with leaves yellow.
We’re back to an old place after thirty-one years’ fight,
I read your master pieces before a flower-falling sight.
Don’t complain too much lest heart should be broken,
To see the pretty scenery please keep your eyes open.
Do not say that Kunming Lake’s waster is too shallow,
To see fish in here is better than at Fuchun River flow.
063
赞“密使1号” (1950年1月上旬)
惊涛拍孤岛，碧波映天晓。
虎穴藏忠魂，曙光迎来早。
【写作背景】
随着海峡两岸逐渐解密的资料，尤其是中共“密使一号”吴石将军资料的公开，毛泽东的五言绝句诗便得以公诸于世。吴石（1894—1950），中共地下组织给他的代号为“密使1号”。吴石抵台后，就任国民党国防部参谋次长。1950年6月10日，被叛徒出卖在台北从容就义。临刑前望着大陆方向说：“台湾大陆都是一家人。这是血脉民心。几十年后，我会回到故里的。”为了表彰吴石将军为祖国统一大业作出的特殊贡献，1973年周恩来力排众议，在毛泽东的支持下，由国务院追认吴石将军为革命烈士。
【英语翻译】
Praising “Secret Envoy No.1” (January 1950)
Raging waves are pounding on the islet;
Countless blue waves reflect the blue sky.
The loyal souls are hidden in tiger’s den;
We are greeting the new day very early.
064
浣溪沙·和柳亚子先生 （1950年10月）
一九五零年国庆观剧，柳亚子先生即席赋《浣溪沙》，因步其韵奉和。
长夜难明赤县天，百年魔怪舞翩跹，
人民五亿不团圆。一唱雄鸡天下白，
万方乐奏有于阗，诗人兴会更无前。
柳亚子原词：
火树银花不夜天，弟兄姐妹舞翩跹，
歌声唱彻月儿圆。不是一人能领导，
那容百族共骈阗，良宵盛会喜空前。
【写作背景】
一九五零年国庆观剧，柳亚子先生即席赋《浣溪沙》，毛泽东步其韵奉和，写下这首词。
【英语翻译】
Replying Liu Yazi’s Poem
（To the tune of Huan Xi Sha， October 1950）
When watching opera on National Day in 1950, Mr. Liu Yazi composed an improvised poem Huan Xi Sha, I wrote a poem which rhymes with harmony.
It was pitch dark in about a hundred years in old China,
All kinds of demons and ghosts were making whoopee,
Reunion was impossible for 500 millions of our people.
With roaster’s singing, our motherland got to be freed,
Xinjiang men with people all over China dance happily,
Many poets are singing graceful songs with a great joy.
065
浣溪沙·和柳先生 （1950年11月）
颜斶齐王名命前，多年矛盾廓无边，而今一扫纪新元。
最喜诗人高唱至，正和前线捷音联，妙香山上战旗妍。
【写作背景】
这首词最早发表在人民文学出版社一九八六年九月版《毛泽东诗词选》。
【英语翻译】
Replying Mr.Liu
（To the tune of Huan Xi Sha， November 1950）
Chiang Kai-Shek asked Liu to be for his suggestion,
While Liu requested Chiang to agree to his opinion,
But with old things wiped out, a new era was born.
I woule like to hear our poets singing with big joys,
Triumphant news keeps pouring in from frontlines,
Battle flags are beautiful on Miaoxiang Mountains.
066
浪淘沙·北戴河 （1954夏）
大雨落幽燕，白浪滔天，秦皇岛外打鱼船。
一片汪洋都不见，知向谁边？
往事越千年，魏武挥鞭，东临碣石有遗篇。
萧瑟秋风今又是，换了人间。
【写作背景】
这首词最早发表在《诗刊》1957年1月号。一切都过去了，一种新的美已经诞生。这就是本篇主旨。1954年夏天，毛泽东在北戴河林木葱茏、气候宜人的海滨胜地一边休养，一边工作。一天，海面狂风骤起，暴雨斜飞，怒浪排空，他突发去中流击水之想。身边的警卫人员以风浪太大为由，尽力劝阻，毛泽东却满怀豪情地说：风浪越大越好，可以锻炼人的意志。他坚持下海，在滔天白浪中尽兴畅游了一个小时。上岸后到了寓所，他仍意犹未尽，以雄浑沉郁之情泼墨挥毫，一气呵成这首壮美与缅怀之诗。
【英语翻译】
Beidaihe
（To the tune of Lang Tao Sha， Summer 1954）
It is raining cats and dogs in North China,
White waves are roaring up to the sky,
Fishing boats can be seen outside Qinghuangdao.
But they suddenly vanished in the boundless ocean,
Who knows where they are?
Past events have gone for thousands of years,
Emperor Wei Wu waved his whip,
A poem was written in Mt. Jieshi near the sea.
The autumn wind is soughing,
The world has changed.
067
七律·和周世钊同志 （1955年10月）
春江浩荡暂徘徊，又踏层峰望眼开。
风起绿洲吹浪去，雨从青野上山来。
尊前谈笑人依旧，域外鸡虫事可哀。
莫叹韶华容易逝，卅年仍到赫曦台。
周世钊原诗：
《七律 随从毛主席登岳麓山》
滚滚江声走白沙，飘飘旗影卷红霞。
直登云麓三千丈，来看长沙百万家。
故国几年空兕虎，东风遍地绿桑麻。
南巡已见升平乐，何用书生颂物华。
【写作背景】
1955年6月毛泽东到湖南视察工作，其间周世钊陪同游览长沙岳麓山，写了一首《七律·从毛主席登岳麓山至云麓宫》，寄给毛泽东。毛泽东收到信件后于10月4日回信给周世钊，《七律·和周世钊同志》这首诗就附在信中。
【英语翻译】
Replying to Comrade Zhou Shizhao （October 1955）
The torrential spring river is wandering for the time being,
I climb layers of layers of mountains and take a broad view.
Wind starts from green Isle and goes away blowing waves,
Rain comes from green field and goes up to enter the hills.
Talking and laughing at dinner party, people are the same,
In foreign land, things of chickens and worms are woefull.
Please do not heave a sigh for that youth is easily to leave.
I’m quite sure that it will come to Hexitai thirty years later.
068
七绝·五云山 （1955年）
五云山上五云飞，远接群峰近拂堤。
若问杭州何处好，此中听得野莺啼。
【写作背景】
此诗发表在《党的文献》1993年第六期上，全诗28字，写于1955年，与《看山》和《莫干山》同时写于游历杭州美景之时，同样是写景抒怀的即兴之作。这首诗通过具体地描写了诗人游览五云山自身感官的感受，意在表现诗人心中美好闲适的情调，而这份情调是来源于当时我国的大好形势，同时其中也暗藏了毛泽东独自登山，融化身心于自然之中，暂逃于尘世之外的欣喜。
【英语翻译】
Mt. Wuyun （1955）
Cloud is flyong highly above Mt. Wuyun;
It is linked with far peaks and near dyke.
If asking where is Hongzhou’s best place,
The wild warblers are chirping I can hear.
069
水调歌头·游泳 （1956年6月）
才饮长沙水，又食武昌鱼。
万里长江横渡，极目楚天舒。
不管风吹浪打，胜似闲庭信步，今日得宽余。
子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫！
风樯动，龟蛇静，起宏图。
一桥飞架南北，天堑变通途。
更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖。
神女应无恙，当惊世界殊。
【写作背景】
这是毛泽东在1956年巡视南方，在武汉三次畅游长江写下的词，最早发表在1957年1月的《诗刊》上。该词描绘了1956年中国积极建设的现象，表达了毛泽东对中国人民建设祖国和改变山河的豪迈气概，体现出来毛泽东对未来景象的展望，也表达出了一桥贯通大江南北的历史意义。
【英语翻译】
Swimming
（To the tune of Shui Diao Ge Tou，June 1956）
I have just drunk the water of Changsha,
And now is eating the fish of Wuchang.
Having crossed over the great Changjiang,
I can see the blue sky in Chu is boundless.
Who care s about being beaten by wind and waves?
It is better than strolling within a comfortable yard.
I feel quite relaxed and pleasant today.
The Master standing by a stream and said:
It passes on just like this!
Boat sails are floating on the water,
Mt. Turtle and Mt. Snake are quiet,
A grand plan comes into my hart.
A bridge serves as a link between south and north,
And a deep chasm was turned into a thoroughfare.
A great dam will be built in the west of the river,
It will cut down flood pouring down from Mt. Wu,
A flat reservoir will appear at the Three Gorges area.
If goddess on good conditions with nothing wrong,
She would surpise about the new look of this world.
070
蝶恋花·答李淑一 （1957年5月11日）
我失骄杨君失柳，杨柳轻扬直上重霄九。
问讯吴刚何所有，吴刚捧出桂花酒。
寂寞嫦娥舒广袖，万里长空且为忠魂舞。
忽报人间曾伏虎，泪飞顿作倾盆雨。
李淑一原词：
《菩萨蛮·惊梦》
兰闺索莫翻身早，夜来触动离愁了。
底事太难堪，惊侬晓梦残。
征人何处觅，六载无消息。
醒忆别伊时，满衫清泪滋。
【写作背景】
这首词写于1957年5月11日，最早发表于1958年1月1日的湖南师范学院院刊《湖南师院》。该词不仅是抒发悼念情感之作，寄托了毛泽东对夫人杨开慧烈士和亲密战友柳直荀烈士的无限深情以及对革命先烈的深切悼念和崇高敬意，歌颂了革命先烈生死不渝的革命情怀，激励广大人民捍卫革命成果。
【英语翻译】
Replying to Li Shuyi
（To the tune of Die Lian Hua May 11, 1957）
I lost Yang Kaihui while you lost Liu Zhixun,
The branches of willow trees fly to the sky.
Wu Gang was asked what he had,
He held out Guihua wine in hand.
Lonely Chang E is stretching out her sleeves,
She dances in the vast sky for the loyal souls.
It is reported tigers were killed in this world,
Tears suddenly poured down like heavy rain.
071
七绝·观潮 （1957年9月）
千里波涛滚滚来，雪花飞向钓鱼台。
人山纷赞阵容阔，铁马从容杀敌回。
【写作背景】
毛泽东在1957年9月11日（即阴历八月十八日），曾乘车去浙江省海宁七星庙观潮，遂作诗一首。此诗最早发表在《党的文献》1993年第6期。
【英语翻译】
Watching the Tide （September 1957）
Waves are rolling from a thousand miles awary,
They are like snow-flakes flying up to Diaoyutai.
Countless people praise the great momentum,
They are like soldiers fighting and coming back.
072
五言韵语·两个泥菩萨 （1957年11月）
两个泥菩萨，一起都打碎。
用水一调和，再来做两个。
我身上有你，你身上有我。
【英语翻译】
Two Clay Idols （November 1957）
There were two clay idols,
Then they were all broken.
They got mixed with water,
Two new ones were made.
You are just on my body,
I am on your body, too.
073
七绝·刘蕡 (1958年)
千载长天起大云，中唐俊伟有刘蕡。
孤鸿铩羽悲鸣镝，万马齐喑叫一声。
【写作背景】
这首诗是根据作者审定的抄件刊印而成。
【英语翻译】
Liu Fen （1958）
Densy cloud floated in the vast sky over a thousand years ago,
In the mid-Tang Dynasty, there was an honesty official Liu Fen.
A lonely wild goose had a lot of feather pulled off relentlessly,
It suddenly cried aloud when ten thousand horses kept silent.
074
七绝·改梅白《夜登重庆枇杷山》（1958年3月）
我来高处欲乘风，暮色苍茫一望中。
百万银灯摇倒影，嘉陵江似水晶宫。
【写作背景】
毛泽东看梅白诗后对梅白说：“如果把‘辉煌’改为‘苍茫’，能显出夜色之动态，为‘水晶宫’作伏笔，写得‘辉煌’而不那么露。诗贵有含蓄而不那么露。‘几万’应改为‘百万’，以显示山城新貌，这里应鲜明，而不应含糊。‘流倒影’不如‘摇倒影’，也是为了显示夜景之动态。也采取对比手法，写出嘉陵江并不是那么平铺直叙的，而是风翻浪卷，以显示嘉陵江之性格。因之，应改‘比’为‘似’，这又是用虚笔写实。总之，诗贵意境高尚，尤贵意境之动态，有变化，才能见诗之波澜。这正是唐诗以来格律诗之优越性。”毛泽东改完后，征求梅白的意见说：“如何？你比较一下，有比较才能鉴别。诗要改，不但要请人改，而最主要靠自己改。写完后，放它一个时候，看了，想了，再改，就有可能改得好一些。这就是所谓“推敲”之好处。当然，也有经过修改不及原作的。”
【英语翻译】
Rewriting Bai Mei’s Climbing Mt. Pipa in Chongqing at Night (March 1958)
I climb to a high place going to fly with the breeze,
The deepening dusk is spreading shades I can see.
Now inverted image of a million lamps are shaking,
The Jialingjiang River is really like a crystal palace.
075
七律二首·送瘟神
1958年7月1日
读六月三十日《人民日报》，余江县消灭了血丝虫。浮想联翩，夜不能寐。微风拂晓，旭日临窗，遥望南天，欣然命笔。
其一
绿水青山枉自多，华佗无奈小虫何！
千村薜荔人遗矢，万户萧疏鬼唱歌。
坐地日行八万里，巡天遥看一千河。
牛郎欲问瘟神事，一样悲欢逐逝波。
其二
春风杨柳万千条，六亿神州尽舜尧。
红雨随心翻作浪，青山着意化为桥。
天连五岭银锄落，地动三河铁臂摇。
借问瘟君欲何往，纸船明烛照天烧。
【写作背景】
毛泽东在1958年6月30日，从《人民日报》得知江西省余江县消灭了血吸虫后写下了两首七言律诗。严重危害人民健康的血吸虫病，在中国流行了2000多年。
【英文翻译】
A
So many green hills and clear water exist in a vain,
Hua Tuo could do nothing about the small worms.
There’re thousand villages having been destroyed,
We have ten thousand families which are huanted.
We have a journey of eighty thousand miles a day,
An inspection tour was made to see the milkyway.
The cowboy wants to ask about the god of plague,
Our poor people are still suffering his devastation.
B
Soft willow branches are dancing in spring wind,
Many a heroes come out from six million people.
Red rain have become waves roaring as we wish,
Green hills have turned into bridges as we desire.
Hoes work under heaven linked with five mounts,
Earth moves three rivers with shaking iron arms.
We would like to ask where god of plague will go,
Paper boats are burned by candles under the sky.
076
四言韵语·养生十六字诀
(1958年)
遇事不怒，基本吃素。
多多散步，劳逸适度。
【写作背景】
毛泽东享年83岁，对于一生历尽惊涛骇浪且日夜操劳的他，已算十分高寿，他自己早在1958年写下了自己的十六字养生体会。
【英语翻译】
Sixteen-character Formula for Nourishing of Life
(1958)
Not angry when anything occurs,
Eat vegetarian food by and large.
Go for a stroll as often as maybe,
Alternate labour with rest mildly.
077
七绝·有感 仿陆放翁《示儿》诗
(1958年12月21日)
人类而今上太空，但悲不见五洲同。
愚公尽扫饕蚊日，公祭毋忘告马翁。
【写作背景】
1958年5月，中国共产党的八大二次会议通过了“鼓足干劲，力争上游，多快好省地建设社会主义”的总路线，毛泽东随后走遍大江南北，进行调查研究。12月，他在广州看见文物出版社出版的大字本《毛泽东诗词十九首》，感到他的诗词发表以后，注家蜂起，全是好心。“一部分说对了，一部分说得不对，我有说明的责任。”于是，写下了一些批注和批语，并写下“锐明”云：“鲁迅1927年在广州，修改他的《古小说钩沉》，然后说道：于时云海沉沉，星月澄碧，餮蚊遥叹，予在广州。从那时到今天，三十一年了，大陆上的餮蚊灭得差不多了，当然，革命尚未全成，同志仍须努力。港台一带，餮蚊尚多，西方世界，餮蚊成阵。安得起全世界各民族千百万愚公，用他们自己的移山办法，把蚊阵一扫而空，岂不伟哉！”接着以“试仿陆游翁”《示儿》诗作结。
【英语翻译】
Imitating Lu You’s Reminding My Son
(December 21, 1958)
Though we human being can go up to the sky now,
It can’t see the five continents in a same condition.
On the day Yu Gong wholly wipes out mosquitoes,
Don’t forget to let Mr. Ma know at public sacrifice.
078
七律·到韶山
(1959年6月)
一九五九年六月二十五日到韶山。离别这个地方已有三十二年了。
别梦依稀咒逝川，故园三十二年前。
红旗卷起农奴戟，黑手高悬霸主鞭。
为有牺牲多壮志，敢教日月换新天。
喜看稻菽千重浪，遍地英雄下夕烟。
【写作背景】
经过了十年土地革命战争、八年抗日战争、三年解放战争，终于在建国后的第十年，毛泽东于1959年第三次返回故乡，一别32年，故乡的面貌全变了。毛泽东这次返乡，一共住了两天，与故乡父老欢聚畅谈，抚今追昔、感而赋诗。
【英语翻译】
Arrived Shaoshan
(June 1959)
Parting with Shaoshan thirty-two years, I come back on June 15, 1959
So many times after parting the lost years were cursed in my dreams,
My home town, we have been separated for already thirty-two years.
The serfs highly raised their weapons with red flags flying in the wind,
While the extremely vicious enemy held up leather whips of overlord.
Many heroes sacrifed their lives ‘cause they had too many lofty ideals,
I dare to order heaven and earth to turn their old faces into new ones.
It is a pleasure for me to see the vast fields of crops rolling like waves,
It is our farmerheroes that come back from work in the sunset clouds.
079
七律·登庐山
(1959年7月1日)
一山飞峙大江边，跃上葱茏四百旋。
冷眼向洋看世界，热风吹雨洒江天。
云横九派浮黄鹤，浪下三吴起白烟。
陶令不知何处去，桃花源里可耕田？
【写作背景】
1959年6月，中共中央决定在庐山召开政治局扩大会议。毛泽东于6月29日清晨登上庐山，站在襟江带湖的庐山顶峰，纵目远眺，水色山颜，尽收眼底。极富浪漫主义气质的诗人毛泽东神驰目极，手心相应，又为庐山留下了一首豪放之歌。 这首诗以景写意，虚实结合，动静相应，既写登高望远的景致，也写极目远眺的情怀。庐山的雄伟突兀，长江的恢宏壮阔，透过诗人丰富的情思、雄健的笔力，显得气势磅礴，意气昂扬。
【英语翻译】
Ascending Mt. Lushan (July 1, 1959)
A magnificent mountain is towering aloft by the Changjiang River,
I’m standing at the green peak after driving on the zigzag sky way.
Facing the sea I look forward to the world with my impassive eyes,
A warm wind blows over with rain drops sprinkled over the water.
Clouds float above the river with yellow cranes dancing in the sky,
Waves run straight down to the east with white smoke soaring up.
Whoever knows where the ancient gentleman Tao Qian has gone?
Everyone has an opportunity to do far work in the Peach Garden.
080
五律·看山
(1959年11月)
三上北高峰，杭州一望空。
飞凤亭边树，桃花岭上风。
热来寻扇子，冷去对美人。
一片飘飘下，欢迎有晚莺。
【写作背景】
这首诗最早发表在《党的文献》1993年第6期。1955年夏秋之际毛泽东来到杭州休息。休息期间，他心情很好，游兴也很高，接连攀登了南高峰、北高峰、玉皇顶、莫干山、五云山
等。攀山途中，他时常被名胜古迹和南方山峦秀丽幽美的风景吸引得流连忘返，诗意盎然。在这期间他一连写了三首诗，此为其中一首。
【英语翻译】
Watching Mountains
(November 1959)
Climb to Beigaofeng three times,
Have a whole view of Hangzhou.
Trees by Flying Phoenix Pavalion,
Wind on the Peach Flower Peak.
On hot days to look for Fan Ridge,
On cold days to face Beauty Peak.
Walk downward with light steps,
Welcomed by the evening rioles.
081
七绝·到钱塘
（1959年11月）
翻身跃入七人房，回首峰恋入莽苍。
四十八盘才走过，风驰又已到钱塘。
【写作背景】
这首诗最早发表在《党的文献》1993年第6期。
【英语翻译】
To Qiantang (November 1959)
Turned over and jumped in seven-people-car,
Looked back and saw peaks enter densy smog.
Just finishing the long winding mountain road,
I already quickly came back to Qiantang again.
082
七言·赫鲁晓夫访美
(1959年10月)
西海如今出圣人，涂脂抹粉上豪门。
一辆汽车几间屋，三头黄犊半盘银。
举世劳民同主子，万年宇宙绝纷争。
列宁火焰成灰烬，人类从此入大同。
【写作背景】
1959年9月15日至27日，苏联领导人赫鲁晓夫访问美国，这也是苏联领导人对美国的第一次正式访问。赫鲁晓夫访美是美苏缓和的标志。毛泽东就此赋诗一首，表达出对赫鲁晓夫的反感。
【英语翻译】
Khrushchev Visited US
(October 1959)
There a sage came out from the western sea,
After whitewashing he visited a noble family.
How many rooms are there within a big car?
Three yellow cattles with a half plate of silver.
All the working people have a common leader,
No disputes in universe in ten thousand years.
The flames of Lenin was already extinguished,
Men entered the world of universal harmony.
083
七律·读报 (1959年12月)
托洛斯基到远东，不和不战逞英雄。
列宁竟抛头颅后，叶督该拘大鹫峰。
敢向邻居试螳臂，只缘自己是狂峰。
人人尽说西方好，独惜神州出蠢虫。
【英语翻译】
Reading Newspapers (December 1959)
Trotsky made a journey to the Far East,
No war, no peace, he paraded his force.
After Lenin shedded blood and lost live,
Governor Ye should be held in custody.
He tried his mantis arm to his neighbor,
Only blame himself to be a crazy wasp.
Everybody said that the West is better,
Only it’s so sorry for a vermin emerges.
084
七律·读报有感 (1959年12月)
反苏忆昔闹群蛙，今日欣看大反华。
恶煞腐心兴鼓吹，凶神张口吐烟霞。
神州岂止千里恶，赤县原藏万种邪。
遍访全球侵略者，惟余此处一孤家。
【写作背景】
当时中国在1958年开始炮击金门，1958年3月平定西藏叛乱，8月因西藏边界纠纷中印发生战争。同时与苏联因为驻军、边界、部分领土主权等系列问题出现严重分歧，出现了关系紧张的局面。当时出现了建国后最困难的局面，毛泽东这首诗带有强烈的个人情绪，以非常简单、直接、鲜明的方式表达了个人的立场。
【英语翻译】
Reading Newspapers (December, 1959)
Opposing USSR I recall frogs making troubles before,
Today I’m very happy to see a large anti-China farce.
Various kinds of devils are advocating false theories,
All sorts of demons opened mouths to vomit smoke.
It is not only that there are wicked forces in the land,
But also all sorts of vicious things hid in our country.
If you can pay visits to all invaders all over the world,
You will find that only this poor thing was left alone.
085
七律·改鲁迅诗 ( 1959年12月)
曾惊秋肃临天下，竟遣春温上舌端。
尘海苍茫沉百感，金风萧瑟走高官。
喜攀飞翼通身暧，苦坠空云半截寒。
悚听自吹皆圣绩，起看敌焰正阑干。
【写作背景】
20世纪50年代中后期，中苏两党在国际共产主义运动中出现了一系列原则分歧。1959年9月赫鲁晓夫访美，向艾森豪威尔乞求和平。因为战争与和平问题，直接关系到全世界人类的命运，所以这一事件激起毛泽东对“和平主义”主张的强烈义愤。他在读鲁迅1935年12月5日的《亥年残秋偶作》时，便改动了其中23个字，以此充分展示了忧国忧民、以天下为己任的思绪，以及对国际国内形势的现实情怀与无限的感慨。鲁迅《亥年残秋偶作》：“曾惊秋肃临天下，敢遣春温上筆端。尘海苍茫沉百感，金风萧瑟走千官。老归大泽菰蒲尽，梦坠空云齿发寒。竦听荒鸡偏阒寂，起看星斗正阑干。”这是鲁迅生前留给后人的最后一首诗作，是他面对日寇鲸呑我国领土的狼子野心，而国民党反动派却残酷镇压抗日军民现实的彻底揭露和有力鞭笞，表现了他对祖国前途、人民的命运的关切和对革命必胜的坚定信念。
【英语翻译】
Rewriting Lu Xun’s Poem (December 1959)
I once startled to see autumn solemnly came to the world,
It should have ordered spring to climb onto the tongue tip.
The dust sea was so vast that I fell in an emotion whirlpool,
In rustling autumn wind, the high official walked in a hurry.
Delighted to claim kinship with the flying bird he felt warm,
Falling from clouds in the sky, he sadly made his heart sink.
I am panic to learn what is boasted of is considered merits,
I stood to see the enemy acting with unbearable insolence.
086
七律·读报有感 (1960年6月13日)
托洛斯基返故居，不战不和欲何如。
青云飘下能言鸟，黑海翻起愤怒鱼。
爱丽舍宫唇发黑，戴维营里面施朱。
新闻岁岁寻常出，独有今年出得殊。
【英语翻译】
Reading Newspapers (June 13, 1960)
Trotsky went back to his former residence,
No war, no peace, whatever does he want?
From black clouds, a talking bird fell down,
In the Black Sea, an angry fish has risen up.
In Elysee Palace, everyone has blackish lips,
In Camp David, all people have red make-up.
There is some news normally year by year,
Only the one of this year is very particular.
087
七绝·为女民兵题照 (1961年2月)
飒爽英姿五尺枪，曙光初照演兵场。
中华儿女多奇志，不爱红装爱武装。
【写作背景】
这是毛泽东在1961年为身边一位参加民兵训练的工作人员个人照题写的一首七言绝句诗。 该诗通过对女民兵军事训练的勾画，描绘了中国妇女前所未有的飒爽英姿，赞美了她们“巾帼不让须眉”的英雄气概，颂扬了新中国妇女崭新的时代精神风貌和随时准备保卫祖国的不平凡志气。
【英语翻译】
Inscription for Militiawoman’s Photo (Febrary 1961)
With a heroic bearing, a five foot gun each one held,
The first flush of dawn started shining the Drill field.
All of the Chinese people have very high aspirations,
They do not like any red clothes except for weapons.
088
七律·答友人 （1961年）
九嶷山上白云飞，帝子乘风下翠微。
斑竹一枝千滴泪，红霞万朵百重衣。
洞庭波涌连天雪，长岛人歌动地诗。
我欲因之梦寥廓，芙蓉国里尽朝晖。
【写作背景】
这首诗出自《毛泽东诗词集》。在诗人所有诗作中，这首最为绚丽飘逸，工艺上也最为讲究。前四句妙用古典神话传说，想象瑰丽斑斓，情景交融，从神仙世界写到后四句的现实世界，可谓举重若轻、自然婉转。这首诗据说是写给毛泽东的同学，青年时代办《新民学会》时的老友周世钊的，兼寄李达、乐天宇。他在1961年12月26日致周世钊的信里写道：“秋风万里芙蓉国，暮雨朝云薜荔村”“西南云气来衡岳，日夜江声下洞庭。”“同志，你处在这样的环境中，岂不妙哉？”
【英语翻译】
Replying to a Friend （1961）
White clouds are slowly floating above Mountain Jiuyi,
The princes were going down green hills with a breeze.
Green bamboo branches are sparkling with clear tears,
Rosy clouds look like flowery clothes made by goddess.
Dongting Lake is soaring with snow linked with heaven,
Orange Isle should sing songs moving heaven an’ earth.
I’ll return to the gallant mountains and rivers in dream,
Sunglow shines my birthplace full of blooming hibiscus.
089
七绝·为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照 （1961年9月9日）
暮色苍茫看劲松，乱云飞渡仍从容。
天生一个仙人洞，无限风光在险峰。
【写作背景】
这首诗最早发表在人民文学出版社一九六三年十二月版《毛主席诗词》。这是诗人为李进，即江青，所摄庐山仙人洞照的题词。仙人洞，在庐山佛手岩下，牯岭之西，高约两丈，深广各三四丈，传为唐朝仙人吕洞宾所居，故名。
【英语翻译】
An Inscription to Lin Jin’s Photo of Fairy Cave in Mt. Lushan （September 9, 1961）
I’m looking at the vigorous pines when dusk is gathering,
They’re still calm though riotous clouds scud past swiftly.
A grand Fairy Cave was naturally born under the vast sky,
The infinitely splendid scenery is at the precipitous peak.
090
七绝·屈原 （1961年秋）
屈子当年赋楚骚，手中握有杀人刀。
文萧太盛椒兰少，一跃冲向万里涛。
【写作背景】
屈原是毛泽东非常喜爱的诗人之一，屈原的代表作《离骚》也是毛泽东终身最爱读的书籍之一。他在第一师范读书时的笔记《讲堂录》曾经工工整整地抄录了《离骚》全文，晚年更是将《离骚》置于床头。这首诗是他1961年读完《楚辞》时所作。
【英文翻译】
Qu Yuan （Autumn 1961）
Qu Yuan once wrote Lisao in that very year,
It was like he had man-killing knife at hand.
There were more mean people than sages,
He hopelessly self-drowned in Miluo River.
091
七绝·二首纪念鲁迅八十寿辰 （1961年9月）
其一
博大胆识铁石坚，刀光剑影任翔旋。
龙华喋血不眠夜，犹制小诗赋管弦。
其二
鉴湖越台名士乡，忧忡为国痛断肠。
剑南歌接秋风吟，一例氤氲入诗囊。
【写作背景】
这是毛泽东在1961年纪念鲁迅八十诞辰时写的两首七言绝句，后人根据抄件刊印，并加《七绝二首·纪念鲁迅八十寿辰》的标题。
【英语翻译】
Two Poems to Memorize Lu Xun's Eightieth Birthday
（September 1961）
A
His conduct was extremely brave with an iron-like will,
Engaged in fierce battles he was as cool as a cucumber.
Blood was shed like water in Longhua that white night,
He still wrote an’ dubbed a poem in background music.
B
There were many celebrities in Jianghu and Yuwangtai,
They paid close attention to the fate of their countries.
The poems of Lu You an’ Qiu Jin were recited together,
All their poems were filled with revolutionary passions.
092
七律·和郭沫若同志
（1961年11月17日）
一从大地起风雷，便有精生白骨堆。
僧是愚氓犹可训，妖为鬼蜮必成灾。
金猴奋起千钧棒，玉宇澄清万里埃。
今日欢呼孙大圣，只缘妖雾又重来。
原诗：
《看孙悟空三打白骨精》
郭沫若
人妖颠倒是非淆，对敌慈悲对友刁。
咒念金箍闻万遍，精逃白骨累三遭。
千刀当剐唐僧肉，一拔何亏大圣毛。
教育及时堪赞赏，猪犹智慧胜愚曹。
【写作背景】
郭沫若1961年10月18日在北京民族文化宫看了浙江省绍兴剧团演出的《孙悟空三打白骨精》后，写了一首题为《看（孙悟空三打白骨精）》的七律。郭诗大概意思是：唐僧把人当妖精，把妖精当人，混淆是非，不分敌友，对敌人发慈悲，对朋友却不断刁难。还给孙悟空一遍又一遍念起紧箍咒，使他头痛，却让白骨精连续几次脱逃，应当千刀万剐唐僧的肉。毛泽东看了这首诗，认为诗中把唐僧看作敌人：要“千刀万剐”，这样是不恰当的。于是他便给郭沫若写了这首“和诗”，告诫人们既要敢于斗争，又要善于斗争，正确区分两类不同性质的矛盾，团结大多数群众，最大限度地孤立敌人。
【英语翻译】
Replying Comrade Guo Moruo
(November 17, 1961)
A wind and thunder rose on the earth,
A white bone demon came into being.
As ignorant the monk can be educated,
Monster made troubles with a disaster.
Golden monkey waved wonderful stick,
The sky was clear with dust wiped out.
Today we call Sun Wu Kong for his help,
The reason is that evil mist came again.
093
卜算子·咏梅
(1961年12月)
读陆游咏梅词，反其意而用之。
风雨送春归，飞雪迎春到。
已是悬崖百丈冰，犹有花枝俏。
俏也不争春，只把春来报。
待到山花烂漫时，她在丛中笑。
陆游原词：
《卜算子·咏梅》
驿外断桥边，寂寞开无主。
已是黄昏独自愁，更著风和雨。
无意苦争春，一任群芳妒。
零落成泥辗作尘，只有香如故。
【写作背景】
此诗作于1961年，最早发表于1963年12月人民文学出版社出版的《毛主席诗词》。1961年12月，毛泽东在广州筹划即将召开的中共中央扩大的工作会议，当时中国面临的国际环境是欧美封锁，苏联翻脸；面临的国内环境是经济困难，灾害重重。面对困难和压力，毛泽东想要表明共产党人的态度和斗志，便酝酿写一首词。他读陆游的《卜算子·咏梅》，感到文辞好；但意志消沉，只可借其形，不可用其义，所以他要再读与陆游的词风格不同的咏梅词。
【英语翻译】
Ode to the Plum Blossom
（To the tune of Bu Suan Zi，December 1961）
Reading Lu You’s Ode to the Plum Blossom and using it the other way around
Wind and rain sent spring back,
Flying snow welcomes spring’s coming.
Thick ice has already covered the cliffs,
But plum blossoms are still showing their beauty in there.
Although beautiful, they do not compete for spring,
They only make a report for spring.
When mountain flowers are in full bloom,
She only smiles in flowering shrubs.
094
七律·冬云
（1962年12月26日）
雪压冬云白絮飞，万花纷谢一时稀。
高天滚滚寒流急，大地微微暖气吹。
独有英雄驱虎豹，更无豪杰怕熊罴。
梅花欢喜漫天雪，冻死苍蝇未足奇。
【写作背景】
这是毛泽东为自己七十岁生日（中国传统算法）作的诗。1962年冬，中国经历了三年特大灾荒。国外正鼓噪着一片反华叫嚣。表面上看似乎处在困难时期，正式隆冬的样子。软弱的人经受不住这种严峻的考验是不足为奇的。真正的革命者则更加意气风发，斗志昂扬。冬天到了，春天还会远吗？毛泽东在1962年七十岁生日写此诗。
【英语翻译】
Winter Cloud （December 26, 1962）
Snow presses winter clouds with white cotton fluff flying,
With flowers withered and fell, vigor seems to disappear.
In the high sky, the cold currents swiftly flow everywhere,
On the earth warm winds are gradually growing stronger.
It is only that heroes do not fear any tigers and leopards,
There is absolutely no warrior who is afraid of any bears.
Plumblossoms love to see white snow dancing in the sky,
It is rather a common thing that flies are frozen to death.
095
满江红·和郭沫若同志
（1963年1月9日）
小小寰球，有几个苍蝇碰壁。
嗡嗡叫，几声凄厉，几声抽泣。
蚂蚁缘槐夸大国，蚍蜉撼树谈何易。
正西风落叶下长安，飞鸣镝。
多少事，从来急；
天地转，光阴迫。
一万年太久，只争朝夕。
四海翻腾云水怒，五洲震荡风雷激。
要扫除一切害人虫，全无敌。
郭沫若原词
沧海横流，方显出英雄本色。
人六亿，加强团结，坚持原则。
天垮下来擎得起，世披靡矣扶之直。
听雄鸡一唱遍寰中，东方白。
太阳出，冰山滴；
真金在，岂销铄？
有雄文四卷，为民立极。
桀犬吠尧堪笑止，泥牛入海无消息。
迎东风革命展红旗，乾坤赤。
【写作背景】
1962年冬，中国刚刚走出三年困难时期的困境，中苏关系又开始紧张，苏联再在其报刊上连续刊登文章，攻击中国共产党。我国的一些媒体也连续发表文章，予以还击。同年年底，郭沫若填《满江红》一词，借此表达中国人民面对反华势力，团结一致，坚持斗争的必胜信念，同时也歌颂了毛泽东、毛泽东思想和坚强的中国人民。毛泽东读后当即作此和词。本来郭词写的理直气壮，富有激情。但无意间似乎把反动派的声势过分看中了些：“沧海横流”、“垮下来”、“世披靡矣”，未免言过其实。毛泽东的和词，就是针对这一点而发的。诗人高昂的时代巨人的头颅，对几伙苍蝇、蚂蚁、蚍蜉等害人虫，投以蔑视的目光，给以憎恶得申斥；并意气风发，大义凛然，发出了战斗的号召，显示了胜利的信心。本诗写于1963年1月9日，首次公开发表于人民文学出版社1963年12月版的《毛主席诗词》。
【英语翻译】
Replying to Comrade Guo Morou
（To the tune of Man Jiang Hong， January 9, 1963）
On the small globe,
There are a few flies runing up against a wall.
Humming and humming,
Mournfully chirping now,
And sadly sobbing then.
Ants climb big locust tree and boast they are a big country,
It is absolutely no easy job for insects to shake a large tree.
In west wind leafs are felling,
And going toward Chang’an,
With soniferous arrows flying.
Many things are in the world,
They are to be done eagerly;
The whole world is evolving,
But our time is very pressing.
Ten thousand years are long,
Each minute should be seizes.
The four seas are roaring with water linked with cloud,
The five continents are shaken by a wind and thunder.
All evil creatures should be wiped out,
We are unconquerable.
096
杂言诗·八连颂
（1963年8月1日）
好八连，天下传。为什么？意志坚。为人民，几十年。拒腐蚀，永不沾。因此叫，好八连。解放军，要学习。全军民，要自立。不怕压，不怕迫。不怕刀，不怕戟。不怕鬼，不怕魅。不怕帝，不怕贼。奇儿女，如松柏。上参天，傲霜雪。纪律好，如坚壁。军事好，如霹雳。政治好，称第一。思想好，能分析。分析好，大有益。益在哪？团结力。军民团结如一人，试看天下谁能敌。
【写作背景】
这首诗从八连写到全军，写到全国，高度赞扬了60年代初全党全国人民在党中央的领导下，团结一致，万众一心，扭转困难局面的大无畏英雄气概，赞扬了中华儿女对社会主义事业的坚定信念。这首诗写于1963年，最早发表在1982年12月26日《解放军报》。
【英语翻译】
Ode to the Eighth Company （August 1, 1963）
Eighth Company is world famous,
Because they all have strong wills.
Serve people for decades of years,
Repel corrupting influence stoutly.
So be called good Eighth Company,
PLA must learn from them eagerly.
Army and people keep selfreliance,
Don’t fear any pressure and attack.
Fear neither any knive nor halberd,
Fear neither ghoses nor monsters.
Fear neither emperors nor thieves,
The heroes are just like pines trees.
Get to sky and resist frost an’ snow,
Deciplines are good like strong wall.
Good in military like a thunderbolt,
Good in politics an’ second to none.
Good at analysis with fine thinking,
Good analysis is surely very useful.
The benefits lie in apowerful union,
Army and people unite as one man,
No one can oppose an’ defeat them.
097
七律·吊罗荣桓同志
（1963年12月）
记得当年草上飞，红军队里每相违。
长征不是难堪日，战锦方为大问题。
斥鷃每闻欺大鸟，昆鸡长笑老鹰非。
君今不幸离人世，国有疑难可问谁？
【写作背景】
罗荣桓参加了秋收暴动，是毛泽东的老部下，1963年12月16日病逝于北京时，政治局常委正在开会。消息传来，毛泽东带头起立默哀，并讲：罗荣桓是很有原则性的人，他对敌狠，不肯背后议论人，党内要有原则性，原则精神。会议结束后，又到医院向罗遗体告别。事后
创作了这首悼念诗。本诗首次公开发表于1978年9月9日《人民日报》。
【英语翻译】
Mourning for Comrade Luo Ronghuan
（December 1963）
Remember then our march was very quick,
All in Red Army but we could not often see.
Hardship of Long March was not so serious,
To capture Jinzhou was our great concerns.
We rocs were so often bullied by sparrows,
It was same like a chicken laughing at eagle.
It is unfortunate you suddenly passed away,
Who can give me help in national calamity?
098
贺新郎·读史
（1964年春）
人猿相揖别，只几个石头磨过，小儿时节。
铜铁炉中翻火焰，为问何时猜得？不过几千寒热。
人世难逢开口笑，上疆场彼此弯弓月，流遍了，郊原血。
一篇读罢头飞雪，但记得斑斑点点，几行陈迹。
五帝三皇神圣事，骗了无涯过客。
有多少风流人物，盗跖庄屩流誉后。
更陈王奋起挥黄钺。歌未竟，东方白。
【写作背景】
1963年，中国已基本上克服了经济上连续三年的困难，国家建设也出现了新的繁荣景象，人民当家作主的新中国在战胜暂时的困难后，显现出勃勃生机。此诗写于1964年春，首次公开发表于1978年9月9日的《人民日报》。
【英语翻译】
Reading History
（To the tune of Ho Xin Lang， Spring 1964）
Parting with ape,
Going through Stone Age,
Mankind entered childhood.
Flame writhed in firepot,
Anyone knows that was Bronze Age?
Several thousand years more passed.
People worry a lot in most of their lives,
They fight each other in battle fields,
And shed blood,
Over their territory
After reading a history I already got whitehair,
Only remembered
A few lines of blurred writing.
The holy things of three emperors and five kings,
They cheated so many rushed passers-by.
How many heroes, like Dao chi and Zhuang Jue,
Left good reputations after death?
Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rose in revolt.
Songs unfinished,
But eastern sky turned white.
099
七绝·贾谊
（1964年）
贾生才调世无伦，哭泣情怀吊屈文。
梁王堕马寻常事，何用哀伤付一生。
【写作背景】
这是毛泽东写的一首七言绝句，最早发表于中央文献出版社1996年9月版《毛泽东诗词集》，与《七律·咏贾谊》是姊妹篇。表达自己对贾谊壮志未酬的不幸遭遇的同情和对他因自责而哀伤至死的惋惜之情。
【英语翻译】
Jia Yi （1964）
The ability of Jia Yi was really unparalleled,
He mourned Qu Yuan worrying about the country and the people.
But it was only a trifle for King of Liang to fall down from his horse,
What’s the need for you to sorrow to death?
100
七律·咏贾谊
（1964年）
少年倜傥廊庙才，斗志未酬事堪哀。
胸罗文章兵百万，胆照华国树千台。
雄英无计倾圣主，高节终竟受疑猜。
千古同异长沙傅，空白汩罗步尘埃。
【写作背景】
本诗同《七绝·贾谊》为姊妹篇，系毛泽东建国后所作。
【英文翻译】
Ode to Jia Yi (1964)
Young but talented, Jia Yi became a backbone of the country,
But it was rather unfornate that he made his wish frustrated.
His fine military stratagems could demand millions of troops,
His unlimited loyalty helped him to found many vassal states.
His high prestige formed challenge an’ threat to his emperor,
His exemplary conduct an’ noble character caused suspicion.
Banished from the court he had to be an official in Changsha,
He learned from Qu Yuan and drowned himself in Miluojiang.
101
十六字令·八首 （1964年）
龙，
隐雾驱云驾长风，
骤雨霁，
天际起霓虹。（龙，革命者)
灯，
黑沉迷途指归程，
红光闪，
万众获重生。
（灯，革命行动）
泉，
杳然无底是灵源，
清澈澈，
谁人藏心间。
（泉，革命热情）
水，
群众饥渴饮且醉，
被颠倒，
从此夜生辉。
（水，革命理论）
雷，
孤夜深深独不寐，
隆隆轰，
斩断万年碑。
（雷，革命运动；碑，四旧）
秋，
百花杀尽犹未休，
狂飙动，
神州落荒流。
（秋，革命年代）
枪，
荧光冥冥过冷芒，
忽而怒，
平地三尺浪。
（枪，革命武装）
花，
可怜羞弱不胜压，
昨夜雪，
娇藏在冰崖。
（花，革命女将）
【英语翻译】
Eight Poems
(To the tune of sixteen characters, 1964)
Dragon,
Hides in fog, drives clouds, rides wind,
Storms stops,
Rainbow appears on horizon.
(Dragon, revolutionary)
Lamp,
Directs return journey on dark wrong way,
Red light sparkles,
Masses were born again.
(Lamp, revolutionary action)
Spring,
It is a holy bottomless source,
Clear and clean,
Whose heart it is hid in?
(Spring, revolutionary enthusiasm)
Water,
Thirsty people drink it to get drunk,
It is reversed,
It is bright at night from now on.
(Water, revolutionary theoryies)
Thunder,
I can’t sleep deeply at a lonely night,
Booming,
It chopped off a ten-thousand-year stele.
(Thunder, revolutionary movement; stele, “four olds”)
Autumn,
All flowers were killed still without stop,
Hurricane starts,
Wonderful land of China was drowned in current.
(Autumn, revolutionary age)
Gun,
Its fluorescent light passed siftly like cold curruent,
Suddenly got angry,
Three-foot-high waves rise from the ground.
(Gun, revolutionary armed forces)
Flowers,
It’s a pity that they are too weak to bear pressure,
The snow of last night,
It was hid at glacial cliffs.
(Flowers, revolutionary generals)
102
减字木兰花·经长沙忆往
（1964年秋）
四五十年，风雨如晦不重见。
过眼飞云，横竖茫茫一线天。
休要夸口，豪杰劫后是民愿，
海天环顾，一路走来一路烟。
【英语翻译】
Passing by Changsha and Recalling the Past
To the tune of Jian Zi Mu Lan Hua
(Autumn 1964)
Forty to fifty years passed,
With a storm like in dark night, reunion is impossble.
Clouds fly before my eyes,
There is only a very thin strip of sky that can be seen.
It’s unnecessary to talk tall,
After disaster heroes expressed the people's petition.
Looking about sea and sky,
We have gone through the whole journey with smoke.
103
满江红·庆祝我国第一次核试验成功
（1964年10月）
小丑下台，应欢送，礼炮轰隆。
原子弹说爆就爆，其乐无穷。
十年丑史归尘土，一阵惊雷卷巨风。
笑老修大势去矣，敲丧钟。
忆往昔，来势汹；
众喽罗，瞎起哄。
君不见，人民自古是英雄。
螳臂挡车千钧力，庄生梦蝶一场空。
看东方，火炬赤旗舞，万里红。
【写作背景】
1964年10月16日，中国在新疆进行了第一次核试验，成功地爆炸了一颗当量相当于2万吨TNT炸药的原子弹。相传为庆祝中国第一枚原子弹试爆成功，毛泽东写下了《满江红· 庆祝第一次核试验》一词，但此说未见诸正式资料，作品真伪尚有争议。
【英语翻译】
Celebrating the Success of Our First Nuclear Test
To the tune of Man Jiang Hong
October 1964
The clown stepped down from stage,
We should see him off,
Salute is booming.
We say atom bomb will explode, it will.
The joy is boundless.
Ten years of hideous history return to dust,
A thunder rolled up a hurricane.
Laugh at the revisionists whose days are gone,
Their death knell tolled.
Recalling the past,
The got swollen with arrogance;
Minions,
They kicked up a fuss.
Can’t you see?
The people have been heroes since ancient times.
They kicked against the pricks all in vains,
Becoming a butterfly in dream, Zhuangzi came to naught.
Look at the east,
Torches and red flags are dancing,
It is red everywhere.
104
水调歌头·重上井冈山
(1965年5月)
久有凌云志，重上井冈山。
千里来寻故地，旧貌变新颜。
到处莺歌燕舞，更有潺潺流水，高路入云端。
过了黄洋界，险处不须看。
风雷动，旌旗奋，是人寰。
三十八年过去，弹指一挥间。
可上九天揽月，可下五洋捉鳖，谈笑凯歌还。
世上无难事，只要肯登攀。
【写作背景】
1927年10月，毛泽东率秋收起义部队上井冈山，开辟了工农武装割据道路，并沿着这条农村包围城市的道路取得了中国革命的胜利。1965年5月，毛泽东又重上井冈山。阔别三十八年，他感慨良多，诗兴大发，写下这首词。
【英语翻译】
Reclimbing Mt.Jinggangshan
To the tune of Shui Diao Ge Tou (May 1965)
Having long been cherishing a lofty ideal,
I climb Mt. Jianggangshan again.
Looking for my native place from a afar,
I find past scenes are transformed.
Orioles sing and swallows dart everywhere,
Streams are flowing and murmuring,
High ways reach the clouds.
Passing over Huangyangjie,
A precipitous view made me delighted.
Wind and thunder are roaring,
Flags are dancing,
What a wonderful world!
Thirty-eight years have passed,
How time flies!
We can fetch the moon in the ninth heaven,
We can catch the turtles in the five oceans.
Talking and laughing, we came back singing paeans.
Nothing in the world is difficult, ou
So long as you try your utmost.
105
念奴娇·井冈山
（1965年5月）
参天万木，千百里，飞上南天奇岳。
故地重来何所见，多了楼台亭阁。
五井碑前，黄洋界上，车子飞如跃。
江山如画，古代曾云海绿。
弹指三十八年，人间变了，似天渊翻覆。
犹记当时烽火里，九死一生如昨。
独有豪情，天际悬明月，风雷磅礴。
一声鸡唱，万怪烟消云落。
【写作背景】
1965年5月22日至29日，毛泽东在巡视大江南北时重上了井冈山。他抚今追昔，一口气写了两首以“井冈山”为题的诗，一首是《水调歌头·重上井冈山》，另一首就是《念奴娇·井冈山》。
【英语翻译】
Mt. Jinggangshan
（To the tune of Nian Nu Jiao， May 1965）
Innumerable trees reach to the sky,
They stretch as long as thousands of miles,
I come here to climb the southern famous mountain.
What can I see when revisiting the old haunt?
More towers and pavilions came into being.
Before the tablet of Wujing,
On Huangyangjie,
The car is running like flying.
The landscape is like a picture,
Here was once a sea in ancient time.
Thirty-eight years passed swiftly,
The world has changed,
The world seems to have turned upside down.
I still remember the flames of battle raging everywhere,
The case of hairbreadth escape seems to happen yestoday.
We cherish lofty sentiments,
The bright moon hangs above horizon,
Wind and thunders rage in all its fury.
A rooster is singing,
The hobgoblins were wiped out.
106
西行
(1965年7月)
万里西行急，乘风御太空。
不因鹏翼展，哪得鸟途通。
海酿千钟酒，山栽万仞葱。
风雷驱大地，是处有亲朋。
【写作背景】
《西行》其实是陈毅《六国之行》第一首诗，它是对六国出访情况的总述，以下各首才是对各国出访的分述。在这里主要是写飞行途中俯瞰环球大地的壮观景象，以及由此所触发的激越豪情。这首诗经毛泽东大笔斧正，以其丰富的思想内蕴，高度完美的艺术形式成为陈毅出访诗的代表作。
【英语翻译】
Going Westward （July 1965 ）
We’re going to west urgently,
We are riding wind to the sky.
If no rocs stretch their wings,
No way for any bird to fly up.
The wine is made by the sea,
The onion is planted on hills.
Heavy storm drives the earth,
Kith and kin are just in here.
107
念奴娇·鸟儿问答
（1965秋）
鲲鹏展翅，九万里，翻动扶摇羊角。
背负青天朝下看，都是人间城郭。
炮火连天，弹痕遍地，吓倒蓬间雀。
怎么得了，哎呀我要飞跃。
借问君去何方，雀儿答道：有仙山琼阁。
不见前年秋月朗，订了三家条约。
还有吃的，土豆烧熟了，再加牛肉。
不须放屁！试看天地翻覆。
【写作背景】
是毛泽东于1965年5月所著，采用寓的方式，借用鲲鹏和雀儿的对话、问答的形式，艺术地概括了当代马克思主义者和当时所说的苏联现代修正主义者的大论战。这首诗最早发表于《诗刊》1976年1月号（即复刊后第一期），总题为《词二首》。
【英语翻译】
Birds Asking and Replying
(To the tune of Nian Nu Jiao, Autumn 1965)
A roc stretches his wings and soars high,
In the sky ninety thousand miles above,
Turning, hovering and flying up and down.
With his back to the sky, he looks down,
What he finds are all cities in the world, big or small.
Gunfire roars and licks the heavens,
Bullet holes cover the ground,
This scares sparrow in thick growth of grass:
What's the big deal!
Oh, I want to fly .
But where are you going to fly?
The sparrow replies:
To the place with celestial mountain and jade terrace.
The moon of the previous year was bright,
Don’t you know that we made three treaties?
Besides, there was also delicious potato,
Stewed potato,
Then beef was added.
Unnecessary to fart,
Just look at the tremendous changes.
108
七律·洪都
（1965年）
到得洪都又一年，祖生击楫至今传。
闻鸡久听南天雨，立马曾挥北地鞭。
鬓雪飞来成废料，彩云长在有新天。
年年后浪推前浪，江草江花处处鲜。
【写作背景】
1965年12月24日，毛泽东在73岁诞辰的前两天，由杭州来到南昌，下榻在赣江边上的一座宾馆里。南昌市有著名的滕王阁，南昌又是革命的发祥地。毛泽东于此感物抒情，抒怀明志，写下此诗。
【英文翻译】
Hongdu （1965）
I have very happily come to Hongdu this year,
A story of Zu Di who beat oar goes to our day.
I once bravely fought in the van in south China,
I also fight many bloody battles in north China.
I’m really old enough to have greying temples,
The colorful cloud has witnessed a new world.
Waves behind drive on those before each year.
The grass and flowers are fresh along the river.
109
卜算子·悼国际共产主义战士艾地同志
（1965年12月）
疏枝立寒窗，笑在百花前。
奈何笑容难为久，春来反凋残。
残固不堪残，何须自寻烦？
花落自有花开日，蓄芳待来年。
【写作背景】
艾地是印尼共产党主席，镇压中遇害。当毛泽东得知印尼所发生的一切以及他的国际战友艾地不幸遇难的消息后，心情十分悲痛。而时间已值隆冬，寒梅怒放；诗人触景生情，想到几个月前还在北京会见了他，但转眼间却成了故人，禁不住吟词一首以寄哀思。
【英语翻译】
Mourning International Communist Fighters Comrade Aidi
To the tune of Bu Suan Zi (December 1965)
A clean plum flower branch stands before the window,
She delightedly smiles before flowers are in full bloom.
But it’s sorry the smiling appearance is hard to last long,
It get withered in spring.
All things must weather,
How can a person ask for troubles?
There is certain time for flowers to bloom or fade,
The accumulated fragrance is waiting for next year.
110
七律·有所思
（1966年6月）
正是神都有事时，又来南国踏芳枝。
青松怒向苍天发，败叶纷随碧水驰。
一阵风雷惊世界，满街红绿走旌旗。
凭阑静听瀟瀟雨，故国人民有所思。
【写作背景】
此诗抒发了作者对经心发动、亲手燃起的“文化大革命”烈火的感想。
【英语翻译】
Something to Think about
（June 1966）
It is time when there are some troubles in the capital,
I have come to the south to make an inspection tour.
The lofty green pine trees are standing under the sky,
I hope the withered leaves will follow the clear water.
A furious storm has violently shaken the whole world,
A nice booming scene can be seen all over the streets.
Leaning on rail, I’m calmly listening to the rustling rain,
All countrymen should have something to think about.
111
杂言诗·盛名之下
（1966年7月8日）
峣峣者易折，皎皎者易污，
阳春白雪，和者盖寡。
盛名之下，其实难副。
【英语翻译】
With Great Reputation
(July 8, 1966)
Tall thing is easy to be broken,
Pure thing is easy to be stained.
Highbrow art and literature are certainly good things,
But only a few people can understand and appreciate.
If one enjoys a great reputation,
It is hard for him to live up to it.
112
七绝·炮打司令部
(1966年8月)
人民胜利今何在？满路新贵满目衰。
核弹高置昆仑巅，摧尽腐朽方释怀。
【英语翻译】
Attacking Headquarters (August 1966)
The people won victory but where are they now?
There are upstarts yet with decline everywhere.
N-bombs are put at the summit of Mt. Kunlun,
Only by wiping out rottenness can I feel consoled.
113
七律·将革命进行到底
(1967年夏)
古今多少苍茫事，前车历历未能忘，
鸿门宴上宽纵敌，乌江边头何仓皇。
秀全空坐失良机，天京终于烟灰场，
急世英雄行大劫，莫顾尘界百创伤。
【英语翻译】
Carrying out the Revolution through to the End
Summer 1967
So many mysterious events have occurred since antiquity,
We can’t forget the lessons drawn from others' mistakes.
At Hongmen dinner the enemy was deliberately indulged,
At Wujiang, Xiang Yu was too scared to know how to deal.
Hong Xiuquan let slip a golden opportunity critical to him,
Tianjing was completely turned into wasteland at the end.
Heroes who were worried for the country did eveil things,
They have just paid no attention to anything in this world.
114
如梦令·韶山冲
(1969年1月)
扶桑，丰田，龙潭，幼年凫游星汉。
而今何处循？梦不见横须贺。
何处？何处？无奈石灯阑珊。
【英语翻译】
Shaoshanchong
(To the tune of Ru Meng Ling, Januaray 1969)
Fusang, Fengtian, Longtan, as a kid I once swam in Milky Way.
Where to find today? I cannot see Hengxuhe in my dream.
Where? Where?
Nothing can be done with the waning light of the stone lamp.
115
清平乐·警觉苏修
(1969年5月)
穷发之北，海波泛荒垂。
熊罴向我蹲且嚎，懦者肝胆破碎。
勇士团结一心，暂缓同室搏命。
苏修贼心不死，我辈岂是南明。
【英语翻译】
Alert to the Soviet Revisionist
May 1969
Far far away in the distant north,
Sea waves roar in bleak frontier.
Bear squatted and howled to us,
The coward was feared to death.
Warriors united like one person,
Internal conflict was postponed.
Enemy gave up no dirty designs,
Are we the south Ming Dynasty?
116
念奴娇·长征
(1970年1月)
万里气势，不逶迤，烽烟五津动摇。
雪山绝境，荒草地，四散溃逃几国焘。
娄山关后，不为人知，阴谋出年少。
回首如今多劳？看我宝刀，永无宁日好。
早年空空多浪费，而今点石金。
老骥伏枥，变本加厉，做事要彻底。
江山已定，谁人敢论功高？
【英语翻译】
The Long Mach
To the tune of Nian Nu Jiao
January 1970
Grandly and magnificently,
We’ll go thousands of miles,
Beacon-fire shook five rivers.
In impasse of snow mountains,
And wild grasslands,
Zhang Guotao took to his heels.
After Loushanguan,
No one knew,
Scheme came from young man.
What a hard work I did?
Look at my treasured sword,
It’s better never will there be days of peace.
Many things were wasted before,
Now turn stone into gold by touching.
Able men tied down to a routine post,
Be further intensified,
Do things thoroughly.
The result is certain,
Who dares to ask reward according to deserts?
117
清平乐·视察
(1971年8月)
南巡万里，不觉忆古帝。
威加海内有余风，秦皇，隋炀，康熙。
彼辈功业为己，我今操劳社稷，
踏破官僚机器，挥斥资产阶级。
【英语翻译】
An Inspection Visit
(To the tune of Qing Ping Yue, August 1971)
A-ten-thousand miles of an inspection visit,
It made me to recall the ancient emperors.
Emperors as Qinhuang, Suiyang and Kangxi,
Each of them had an awe-inspiring bearing.
They tried to achieve goals for themselves,
But I am working hard only for the country.
I am determined to overthrow bureaucrats,
Defeating the capitalist system is my target.
118
念奴娇·有感观菊 （1971年秋）
山野索居，不孤寂，指点神州八亿。
洪波涌起落千枝，一花留在天际。
潇洒顾盼，无人四季，
春情暗自起，谁说众叛亲离？
而今更纯，革命混水，严冬方显松柏意。
激流出固舟，运筹池畔，
并非索居，折断霸王钩。
批儒评法，不惜衣宽人瘦。
【英语翻译】
Appreciating Chrysanthemums
（To the tune of Nian Nu Jiao， Autumn 1971）
They live alone in the mountains,
But not lonely,
They offer beauty to the people.
Waves are roaring with flowers falling,
Only one of them was left at the horizon.
Natural and unrestrained,
In four seasons with no people around
But love came secretly,
Who says they are utterly isolated?
They are purer than before,
Whether one is a revolutionary,
Pine’s will can clearly be seen in winter.
A strong boat in swift current,
Enbaling planning and managing by the pond,
It is not live alonely,
With an overlord hook broken.
Criticizing Confucianists and discussing legalists,
No one fears that suits are loose but men are thin.
119
七绝·读《红楼梦》（1971年）
杰作红楼传千古，影映封建斥王侯。
自古忠臣多逆子，唯有宝黛入神州。
【英语翻译】
Continuation of A Dream in Red Mansions （1971）
The master piece A Dream in Red Mansions will last for ever,
It alludes to feudalism and rebukes princes and marquises.
Since ancient times there have been many an unfilial sons among loyal officials,
Only Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu are welcomed through the wonderful land of China.
120
七绝·改杜甫《咏怀古迹》（1971年9月）
群山万壑赴荆门，生长林彪尚有村。
一去紫台连朔漠，独留青冢向黄昏。
【英语翻译】
Changing Du Fu’s Singing for Historic Sites
（September 1971）
Cross mountains and Go to Jingmen,
Pass by a village where Lin Biao was born.
Go to Zitai that is linked with the northern desert,
A green grave was left there alone.
121
四言诗·赠尼克松 （1972年）
老叟坐凳，嫦娥奔月，走马观花。
【英语翻译】
To President Nixon （1972）
The old man is sitting on a bench,
Chang E is flying to the moon,
Look at flowers while passing on horseback.
122
七言诗·续乔冠华诗 （1973年4月）
八重樱下廖公子，五月花中韩大哥。
莫道敝人功业小，北京卖报赚钱多。
【英语翻译】
Continuation of Qiao Guanhua’s Poem （April 1973）
Gentleman Liao was under Yaezakura,
Brother Han was amid flowers of May.
Do not say my exploits were too small,
Newspaper sellin’ in Beijing profitable.
123
忆秦娥·悼念周恩来同志 （1976年1月）
山河咽，拭泪无语心欲裂。
心欲裂，顿摧栋梁，痛失人杰。
江山如画忆丹心，宏图遗愿永不灭。
永不灭，新苗茁壮，势与天接。
【英语翻译】
Mourning for Comrade Zhou Enlai
（To the tune of Yi Qin E， Janurary 1976）
Mountains and rivers are weeping,
Silently wipe tears with my heart simply broken.
With my heart simply broken,
The pillar of society was suddenly destroyed,
A man of tremendous promise was lost for ever.
With the scenery like a picture we recall the loyal heart,
The great plan and the last wish will surely last for ever.
Will surely last for ever,
New seedlings are growing strong,
The momentum is linked with the sky.
124
五言韵语·大事不讨论 （1973年7月）
大事不讨论，小事天天送。
此调不改正，势必出修正。
【英语翻译】
Great Things Remaining Undiscussed （July 1973）
Great things remain undiscussed,
But trifles are reported every day.
If this remains uncorrected,
Revisionism will surely occur.
125
四言诗·春日游花园小吟 （1976年春）
今我来兮，杨柳依依。
【英语翻译】
Visiting a Garden in Spring （Spring 1976）
I have come today,
Willows shed tear.
(2018年12月14日 于美国新泽西)
另兩首:
读《封建论》呈郭老
劝君少骂秦始皇，焚坑事件要商量。
祖龙魂死业犹在，孔学名高实秕糠。
百代都行秦政法，十批不是好文章。
熟读唐人封建论，莫从子厚返文王。
【英語翻譯】
Read On Feudalism and give it to Mr. Guo
I’d like to advise you to stop scolding Qin Shihuang,
We should discuss the matter of "burning books and entrapping Confucians" again.
Although Qin Shihuang is dead, his achievements still remain in the annals of history.
Confucius’ doctrines have a great reputation, but in fact with little value.
The rulers of the past dynasties implemented the prefecture and county system of Qin Shihuang.
The "Ten Criticisms" written by you are not a good book.
Read "On Feudalism" by Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty carefully,
But don't go backwards from Liu Zongyuan to the era of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty.
风花
风花秋月枉多情，
天上人间两画饼；
寒来花月不能衣，
饥时一饼胜千金。
注释：此诗摘自《红色生活史》，是毛主席在延安时写给一位女士的。当时这位女士要与不懂风情的老干部离婚。
Wind and flowers
The wind, flowers and autumn moon are sentimental in vain,
They are two painted cakes in heaven and earth;
When the cold comes, the flowers and the moon cannot be used as clothes,
When you are hungry, a piece of cake is worth a thousand pieces of gold.
【Note: This poem is excerpted from Red Life History. It was written by Chairman Mao when he was in Yan'an to a lady who wanted to divorce an old-fashioned cadre.】 |
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