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前事之不忘,后事之师也

东山 译

鄙谚曰:“前事之不忘,后事之师也。”是以君子为国,观之上古,验之当世,参之人事,察盛衰之理,审权势之宜,去就有序,变化因时,故旷日长久而社稷安矣。

-- 贾谊:《西汉书-过秦论(下)》(註)

As a  proverb goes: "Never forget past experiences, they are guides for the future." When men of noble character rule the country, they study the historical lessons of ancient times, and test them in the present society, especially in managing human relations, ing the reasons for ancient countries' prosperity or decline, seeking the best ways to govern, choosing the best opportunity to advance or to retreat. All changes are done orderly and timely.  Therefore the nation will be stable and the people enjoy peaceful life for a long time. 

註:贾谊(前200年-前168年),世称贾生,洛阳(今河南省洛阳市)人。西汉初年政论家、文学家、思想家。 贾谊少有才名,18岁时,贾谊即以诵诗属书而闻名于郡中,得到郡守吴公的赏识,并收为弟子。汉文帝前元元年(前179年),贾谊任博士,掌文献典籍。后擢升为太中大夫。贾谊提出改正朔、易服色、定官名、兴礼乐,以立汉制,更秦法等建议,因此汉文帝想任其为公卿。

(原载《海外南开人》133期,9/26/2018)


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