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大同

大道之行也,天下为公,选贤与能,讲信修睦。故人不独亲其亲,不独子其子,使老有所终,壮有所用,幼有所长,矜、寡、孤、独、废疾者皆有所养,男有分,女有归。货恶其弃于地也,不必藏于己;力恶其不出于身也,不必为己。是故谋闭而不兴,盗窃乱贼而不作,故外户而不闭,是谓大同。

- 《礼记:礼运》【註】

Great Harmony

When the Great Way of governance prevails, all under heaven belongs to the people and for the people.

Only the virtuous and the worthy are chosen and promoted. People are sincere and faithful, cultivating goodwill and amity. Thus they love not only their own dear and near, but also care for other's kindreds. They foster not only their own children, but also nurture others’.

The aged will be taken care of till the end of their lives; the able-bodied will find proper employment; the young will be well raised and educated; widowers or widows, orphans, the childless and the disabled are all given ample maintenance.

Men are in their fitting positions,  women all married. They loathe wasting things but they do not keep properties only for themselves. They hate not going all out on their jobs, they do not work only for their own gratification.

Therefore intrigues and treacheries are not hatched; rebellions and robberies will not take place; and outer gates can remain open at night. This is called the Great Harmony (Datong).

- 《The Book of Rites》“The Conveyance of Rites"

liji【 註】:《礼记》,儒家经典之一,西汉戴圣对秦汉以前各种礼仪论著加以辑录、编纂而成,共49篇。《礼 运》为《礼记》的第九篇,大约是战国末年或秦汉之际儒家学者托孔子之名的答问著作。

Note:

《The Book of Rites》 (Liji), one of the Confucian classics, was compiled and edited by Dai Sheng of the Western Han dynasty from various writings on ritual prior to the Qin and Han dynasties. It consists of forty-nine chapters in total. “The Conveyance of Rites" (Liyun) is the ninth chapter of the 《Book of Rites》. It is generally regarded as a work of Confucian scholars from the late Warring States period or the Qin–Han transition, written in the form of questions and answers attributed to Confucius.”

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