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--- 知识就是力量 • 快乐有益健康 决定寿命长短的不仅仅是饮食和运动 【附】Is Garlic good for the heart? 《万维读者网》品牌观察 4/14/2015 早晨 2009年诺贝尔生理学奖得主伊丽莎白等总结出的长寿之道是:人要活百岁,合理膳食占25%,其它占25%,而心理平衡的作用占到了50%! “压力激素”会损伤身体 《黄帝内经》:“百病生于气也。怒则气上,喜则气缓,悲则气结,惊则气乱,劳则气耗……”所以医病先医“心”。 现代医学发现:癌症、动脉硬化、高血压、消化性溃疡、月经不调等,人类65%-90%的疾病与心理的压抑感有关,因此,这类病,被称为心身性疾病。 人的心与身,何以有如此紧密联系? 因为,下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺这三点一线形成了人体的应激反应中心。碰到危机时,它们分泌“去甲肾上腺素”“肾上腺素”等压力激素,在激素的作用下,身体中的各种“资源”被重新调配,减少消化、免疫方面的供给,将重心放到心脏的供血和肌肉的运动中去,以让我们迅速应对危机。 如果人整天焦躁不安、发怒、紧张、贪婪、做坏事等,令压力激素水平长时间居高不下,人体的免疫系统将受到抑制和摧毁,心血管系统也会由于长期过劳而变得格外脆弱。 心理学发现:一个人在大发雷霆时,身体产生的压力激素,足以让小鼠致死。因此“压力激素”,又称“毒性激素”。 如果人是快乐的,大脑就会分泌多巴胺等“益性激素”。 益性激素让人心绪放松,产生快感,这种身心都很舒服的良好状态,可使人体各机能互相协调、平衡,促进健康。 “目标”能激发生命活力 个案:今年1月6日,上海交大原校长范绪箕教授度过了他的百岁生日,他至今仍每天做实验、写论文、指导博士研究生。 新的研究表明,“目标感很强”,对健康有益,因为生活中是否有追求,这决定了一个人的心态,进而决定其生理状况。 英国科学家在40~90岁的人群里做了一个7年的追踪调查:结果发现,没有明确生活目标的,比有明确生活目标的,病死或自杀的人数,足足高了1倍;患心脑血管疾病的人数,也多了一倍。 再则,医学早就发现,人退休后,因人生目标突然消失,身体健康和精神健康状况均会急剧下降。 为何会如此? 原因是,如果你没有目标,死亡便成了唯一的“目标”,那么隐藏在你潜意识里的自毁机制就会悄然启动,让你的身体每况愈下。 如果有目标呢? 就会有积极的心态,努力去寻找实现目标的途径,就会勤于用脑。 科学家发现,勤于思考的人的脑血管经常处于舒展状态,从而保养了脑细胞,使大脑不过早衰老。 科学家还发现,脑子活动时总是把较多的葡萄糖送到脑中最需要的地方。在安静时,老年人和青年人相比,脑内葡萄糖利用率较低,但用起脑来,脑最活跃的地方所得到的葡萄糖并不低于青年人。所以,用脑可促进脑的新陈代谢,延缓衰老。 再则,“目标”可以激发生命活力,战胜疾病。 墨西哥一位老人患了癌症,来日无多。但当他的儿子儿媳出车祸去世之后,他的病突然好了,因为老人有了新的生活动机、新的目标,即,他得抚养无依无靠的孙子。 还有,目标实现了,会让人非常快乐。 诺贝尔奖得主们之所以长寿,有个原因就是,功成名就、获得社会认可,带来了身心的巨大愉悦。 要注意的是: “目标”一定要切实可行,否则会起副作用。 再则,目标不一定要大,学习唱歌、组织旅游等都可以是目标。 “助人为乐”有治疗作用 个案:石油大王洛克菲在短暂的享受财富积累带来的快乐后,身体每况愈下,深刻反省后,他决定把财富和精力投入到慈善事业中,并想方设法救助生活中遭遇困难的人,这让他心情格外轻松,同时,他不佳的健康状况也日渐好转了。 个案:107岁离世的邵逸夫,乐于助人是他高寿的一个原因。多年来,他一共向大陆捐助了34亿港元,他创立的“邵逸夫奖”,基金高达50亿港元。 研究人员发现,给予别人“物质上”的帮助,能使致死率降低42%;给予他人精神上的支持,能使致死率降低30%。 为何会如此? 美国有位医学研究员想了解此问题,他做了个研究:将106名未满20岁的学生分为两组:一组为义工组;另一组为义工后备组。 10个星期后,义工组的学生相比后备组,他们的炎症症状、胆固醇水平和体重指数都显著地降低了。 助人,为何会产生医疗作用? 因为,与人为善,常做好事,心中常产生一种难以言喻的愉快感和自豪感,进而降低了压力激素水平,促进了“有益激素”的分泌。 精神病流行病学专家甚至说:养成助人为乐的习惯,是预防和治疗忧郁症的良方。 长寿的首要秘诀是家庭和睦 个案:格鲁吉亚有位农妇活了132岁零91天。在她130岁时,有记者问她长寿的秘诀,她回答:首先是家庭和睦…… 美国有两位心理学教授积20年的研究发现:影响寿命的决定性因素中,排第一名的是“人际关系”。他们说——人际关系可能比水果蔬菜、经常锻炼和定期体检更加重要。 哈佛大学医学院一项对268名男性的跟踪调查也发现:一个人生活中真正重要的就是和别人的关系,缺乏社会支持,对健康的危害与吸烟和不运动不相上下。 美国一位精神病学家一项长达25年的“人格与心脏关系”的跟踪调查发现:心胸狭隘、名利心重、敌视情绪强的人,死亡率高达14%;而心胸开阔、助人为乐、性格随和的人,其死亡率仅为2.5%。心脏病的发病率,前者也是后者的5倍。 分析其原因,他说:人际关系不好,令其心里充满着愤怒、怨恨、敌对和不满情绪,会致使交感神经时常处于亢奋状态,肾上腺素等压力激素分泌得过多。 再则,人是群体动物,活着,就是活在人际关系中。心理学家马斯洛总结的人生需求,从低级到高级,依次为“生理需求、安全需求、社交需求、尊重需求和自我实现需求”五类。 除生理需求外,均和人际关系有关,“需求”获得满足,即会收获快乐! “付出友善”会“收获友善” 个案:美国一位心理学家介绍了一个女病人的故事:艾丽斯几年前因失恋得了抑郁症,离开东部老家,移居到中西部去生活。中西部生活节奏慢,人与人之间的关系很温情。好几次,艾丽斯从停车场出来上车道,尽管车道上排着长长的车队,但总是有人给她让道。这种彬彬有礼、先人后己的行为,让艾丽斯深受感动。时间一久,艾丽斯也养成了给停车场出来的车让道的习惯,她喜欢这种友善的行为,每一次小小的“付出”,都会给她带来一种无可名状的快乐。一年以后,艾丽斯的抑郁症不治而愈了。 如何建立和谐的人际关系? 春秋战国时期的政治家管仲说:“善气迎人,亲如兄弟;恶气迎人,害于戈兵。” 人与人之间的关系和反应,如同人在山间呼喊发出的回声。“你善”,回声则“善”,如个案;“你恶”,回声则“恶”。有些人人际关系差,完全是因为他们处处与人争斗的结果。 为何个案的抑郁症会好了? 因为,“付出友善”,哪怕是对别人付出一个微笑,传递一个幽默的表情,唾液中的免疫球蛋白浓度就会增加,这种抗体能增强人的免疫系统。 美国有位生命伦理学教授通过研究,发现了“回声”的本质:“付出与回报之间存在着神奇的能量转换的秘密,即一个人在付出的同时,回报的能量正通过各种形式向此人返还,只不过在大多数情况下,自己浑然不知……” 有利人际关系和谐的“付出”包括——赞美、幽默、微笑、尊重、礼让、随和、包容、宽恕、体谅、同情、忠诚、倾听等。 Is Garlic good for the heart?
Garlic is a popular ingredient in many cuisines and has been used for centuries as a natural remedy for various health conditions. One of the most commonly cited benefits of garlic is its potential to improve heart health. In this article, we will explore the evidence behind this claim and how garlic may benefit the heart. Garlic contains several compounds that are believed to benefit heart health. The most notable of these is allicin, a sulfur-containing compound that is released when garlic is crushed or chopped. Allicin has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, both of which are important for maintaining a healthy heart. One of the primary ways in which garlic may benefit the heart is by lowering cholesterol levels. High levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, also known as "bad" cholesterol, are a major risk factor for heart disease. Studies have shown that garlic can help to reduce LDL cholesterol levels, thereby reducing the risk of heart disease. A meta-analysis of 26 randomized controlled trials found that garlic supplements can significantly reduce total cholesterol levels by an average of 17 mg/dL and LDL cholesterol levels by an average of 9 mg/dL. This effect is thought to be due in part to the ability of allicin to inhibit the production of cholesterol in the liver. Garlic may also benefit the heart by reducing blood pressure. High blood pressure is another major risk factor for heart disease, and studies have shown that garlic can help to lower blood pressure in people with hypertension (high blood pressure). A meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials found that garlic supplements can significantly reduce systolic blood pressure (the top number in a blood pressure reading) by an average of 4.6 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) by an average of 2.3 mmHg. This effect is thought to be due in part to the ability of allicin to relax blood vessels and improve blood flow. In addition to lowering cholesterol and blood pressure, garlic may also have other beneficial effects on the heart. For example, garlic has been shown to have antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects, which means it can help to prevent blood clots from forming. This is important because blood clots can block blood flow to the heart and cause a heart attack. Garlic may also have a protective effect against atherosclerosis, a condition in which the arteries become narrowed and hardened due to the buildup of plaque. A study of over 4,000 adults found that those who consumed more garlic had a lower prevalence of atherosclerosis, suggesting that garlic may help to prevent this condition from developing. Overall, the evidence suggests that garlic can be beneficial for heart health. However, it is important to note that the studies conducted on garlic have mostly been short-term, and more research is needed to determine the long-term effects of garlic on heart health. It is also important to note that while garlic is generally safe for most people to consume, it can interact with certain medications, including blood thinners and some HIV medications. As with any supplement or natural remedy, it is important to talk to your doctor before adding garlic to your diet, especially if you are taking any medications or have any underlying health conditions. In conclusion, garlic has been shown to have several potential benefits for heart health, including lowering cholesterol and blood pressure, preventing blood clots, and protecting against atherosclerosis. While more research is needed to determine the long-term effects of garlic on heart health, adding garlic to your diet may be a simple and tasty way to support a healthy heart.
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